Early Islamic glass (7th- 10th centuries AD) in Unguja Ukuu, Zanzibar: A microcosm of a globalised industry in the early 'Abbasid period.
Early Islamic glass (7th- 10th centuries AD) in Unguja Ukuu, Zanzibar: A microcosm of a globalised industry in the early 'Abbasid period.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0284867
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Chenery, Simon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siu, Ieong;Cui, Jianfeng;Henderson, Julian;Crowther, Alison;Boivin, Nicole;Fergadiotou, Elisavet;Blair, Andrew;Ali, Abdallah K.;Chenery, Simon
使用激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱 (LA-ICP-MS) 对从东非桑给巴尔安古贾乌库古斯瓦希里定居点和港口挖掘出的 82 个玻璃容器进行了分析。结果表明，所有玻璃样品均为钠钙硅玻璃。十五件玻璃容器属于泡碱玻璃类型，其特点是 MgO 和 K2O 含量较低（<1.50%），表明它们是由泡碱制成的，泡碱是一种在罗马时期和古代晚期广泛使用的矿物助熔剂。 67 个玻璃容器属于植物灰玻璃类型，其特点是氧化镁和钾含量较高（>1.50%），表明植物灰是主要的碱熔剂。根据主要元素、微量元素和微量元素，泡碱玻璃确定了三个不同的成分组，植物灰玻璃也确定了三个：(1) UU Natron 1 型、(2) UU Natron 2 型、(3) UU Natron 3 型、(4) UU 植物灰 1 型、(5) UU 植物灰 2 型和 (6) UU 草木灰 3 型。与当代中东玻璃组的比较表明，UU Natron 类型 1、2 和 3 分别对应于埃及 II 高 Na2O、黎凡特 I 和黎凡特 II，而 UU 草木灰类型 1 与萨迈拉组 2 密切匹配。UU 草木灰类型 2 和 3 具有与任何当代草木灰玻璃组都不匹配的独特化学指纹，但它们的化学成分显示出与古老萨珊草木灰玻璃有一定的亲和力，这表明可能是美索不达米亚的起源。结合对早期伊斯兰玻璃的现有研究，作者揭示了伊斯兰玻璃全球化过程中复杂的贸易网络，特别是涉及公元 7-9 世纪现代伊拉克和叙利亚的玻璃。
Eighty-two glass vessels, recovered from the excavations at the ancient Swahili settlement and port of Unguja Ukuu in Zanzibar, Eastern Africa, were analysed using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The results show that all of the glass samples are soda-lime-silica glass. Fifteen glass vessels belong to the natron glass type and are characterised by low MgO and K2O (<1.50%), suggesting they were made from natron, a mineral flux that was widely used during the Roman period and Late Antiquity. Sixty-seven glass vessels belong to the plant ash glass type, characterised by high magnesia and potash levels (>1.50%), suggesting plant ash was the main alkali flux. Based on the major, minor and trace elements, three different compositional groups were identified for the natron glass and three were identified for the plant ash glass: (1) UU Natron Type 1, (2) UU Natron Type 2, (3) UU Natron Type 3, (4) UU Plant ash Type 1, (5) UU Plant ash Type 2 and (6) UU Plan ash Type 3. Comparison with contemporary Middle Eastern glass groups shows that UU Natron Types 1, 2 and 3 correspond to Egypt II high Na2O, Levantine I and Levantine II respectively, while UU Plant ash Type 1 matches closely with Samarra Group 2. UU Plant ash Types 2 and 3 have unique chemical fingerprints that do not match any of the contemporary plant ash glass groups, but their chemical compositions show some affinity with the old Sassanian plant ash glass, suggesting a possible Mesopotamian provenance. Combined with existing research on early Islamic glass, the authors reveal a complex trading network in the globalisation of Islamic glass, particularly involving glass corresponding to modern Iraq and Syria, in the 7th– 9th centuries AD.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Adlington LW;Ritter M;Schibille N
通讯作者：
Schibille N
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Dussubieux, L.;Kusimba, C. M.;Oka, R.
通讯作者：
Oka, R.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Schibille, Nadine;Amoros Ruiz, Victoria;De Juan Ares, Jorge;Gutierrez Lloret, Sonia
通讯作者：
Gutierrez Lloret, Sonia
影响因子：
2
作者：
Boivin, Nicole;Crowther, Alison;Fuller, Dorian Q.
通讯作者：
Fuller, Dorian Q.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Carter, Alison;Dussubieux, Laure;Pottier, Christophe
通讯作者：
Pottier, Christophe