Modifying resilience mechanisms in at-risk individuals: a controlled study of mindfulness training in Marines preparing for deployment.
Modifying resilience mechanisms in at-risk individuals: a controlled study of mindfulness training in Marines preparing for deployment.
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13040502
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发表时间：
2014-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Paulus MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson DC;Thom NJ;Stanley EA;Haase L;Simmons AN;Shih PA;Thompson WK;Potterat EG;Minor TR;Paulus MP
军事部署会对身心健康产生深远的影响。很少有研究调查部署之前的干预措施是否可以改善潜在的恢复力机制。以正念为基础的技术已被证明有助于从压力中恢复，并可能在部署之前影响大脑-行为关系。作者研究了正念训练对现役海军陆战队准备部署的弹性机制的影响。随机选取8个海军陆战队步兵排（N=281）。4个排被分配接受正念训练（N=147）， 4个排被分配到正常训练的对照条件（N=134）。排在基线，基线后8周，以及基线后约9周的紧张战斗训练期间和之后进行评估。正念训练条件以8周的正念心理健康训练（MMFT）的形式进行，该计划包括20小时的课堂教学和每天的家庭作业练习。MMFT强调内感受意识、注意力控制和对当下体验的容忍。主要结果测量指标为心率、呼吸频率、血浆神经肽Y浓度、应激体验反应量表评分以及功能性MRI测量的脑激活。接受MMFT的海军陆战队员在压力训练后表现出更强的反应性（心率[d=0.43]）和更强的恢复能力（心率[d=0.67]，呼吸率[d=0.93]）；应激训练后血浆神经肽Y浓度降低（d=0.38）；右脑岛和前扣带的血氧依赖信号减弱。研究结果表明，健康个体在压力暴露前的应激恢复相关机制可以被修改，这对基于证据的心理健康研究和治疗具有重要意义。
Military deployment can have profound effects on physical and mental health. Few studies have examined whether interventions prior to deployment can improve mechanisms underlying resilience. Mindfulness-based techniques have been shown to aid recovery from stress and may affect brain-behavior relationships prior to deployment. The authors examined the effect of mindfulness training on resilience mechanisms in active-duty Marines preparing for deployment. Eight Marine infantry platoons (N=281) were randomly selected. Four platoons were assigned to receive mindfulness training (N=147) and four were assigned to a training-as-usual control condition (N=134). Platoons were assessed at baseline, 8 weeks after baseline, and during and after a stressful combat training session approximately 9 weeks after baseline. The mindfulness training condition was delivered in the form of 8 weeks of Mindfulness-Based Mind Fitness Training (MMFT), a program comprising 20 hours of classroom instruction plus daily homework exercises. MMFT emphasizes interoceptive awareness, attentional control, and tolerance of present-moment experiences. The main outcome measures were heart rate, breathing rate, plasma neuropeptide Y concentration, score on the Response to Stressful Experiences Scale, and brain activation as measured by functional MRI. Marines who received MMFT showed greater reactivity (heart rate [d=0.43]) and enhanced recovery (heart rate [d=0.67], breathing rate [d=0.93]) after stressful training; lower plasma neuropeptide Y concentration after stressful training (d=0.38); and attenuated blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal in the right insula and anterior cingulate. The results show that mechanisms related to stress recovery can be modified in healthy individuals prior to stress exposure, with important implications for evidence-based mental health research and treatment.
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影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Paulus MP;Potterat EG;Taylor MK;Van Orden KF;Bauman J;Momen N;Padilla GA;Swain JL
通讯作者：
Swain JL
影响因子：
25
作者：
Russo, Scott J.;Murroughl, James W.;Han, Ming-Hu;Charney, Dennis S.;Nestler, Eric J.
通讯作者：
Nestler, Eric J.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Craske, MG;Rowe, M;NoriegaDimitri, R
通讯作者：
NoriegaDimitri, R
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Johnson, Douglas C.;Polusny, Melissa A.;Southwick, Steven M.
通讯作者：
Southwick, Steven M.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Labus, Jennifer S.;Naliboff, Bruce D.;Berman, Steve M.;Suyenobu, Brandall;Vianna, Eduardo P.;Tillisch, Kirsten;Mayer, Emeran A.
通讯作者：
Mayer, Emeran A.