Structures and functions of Qβ replicase: translation factors beyond protein synthesis.
Structures and functions of Qβ replicase: translation factors beyond protein synthesis.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms150915552
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发表时间：
2014-09-02
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Tomita K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tomita K
Qβ复制酶是一种独特的RNA聚合酶复合物，由Qβ病毒编码的RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶（催化β亚基）和三种宿主衍生因子：翻译延伸因子（EF）-Tu、EF-Ts和核糖体蛋白S1组成。自Q β复制酶分离以来的近50年里，关于Qβ复制酶的RNA聚合机制有几个尚未解决的重要问题。特别是对大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli，E. coli）中的Qβ复制酶的结构信息至今仍是一个谜。在过去的五年中，已报道了核心Qβ复制酶的晶体结构，包括β-亚基、EF-Tu和Ts，以及代表RNA聚合的核心Qβ复制酶的晶体结构。近年来，Qβ复制酶的结构也有报道，它由β亚基、EF-Tu、EF-Ts和S1的N端半部分组成，能够启动Qβ RNA的复制。本文从Qβ复制酶的结构出发，综述了Qβ复制酶中宿主翻译延伸因子和核糖体蛋白S1作为复制因子的替代功能。
Qβ replicase is a unique RNA polymerase complex, comprising Qβ virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (the catalytic β-subunit) and three host-derived factors: translational elongation factor (EF) -Tu, EF-Ts and ribosomal protein S1. For almost fifty years, since the isolation of Qβ replicase, there have been several unsolved, important questions about the mechanism of RNA polymerization by Qβ replicase. Especially, the detailed functions of the host factors, EF-Tu, EF-Ts, and S1, in Qβ replicase, which are all essential in the Escherichia coli (E. coli) host for protein synthesis, had remained enigmatic, due to the absence of structural information about Qβ replicase. In the last five years, the crystal structures of the core Qβ replicase, consisting of the β-subunit, EF-Tu and Ts, and those of the core Qβ replicase representing RNA polymerization, have been reported. Recently, the structure of Qβ replicase comprising the β-subunit, EF-Tu, EF-Ts and the N-terminal half of S1, which is capable of initiating Qβ RNA replication, has also been reported. In this review, based on the structures of Qβ replicase, we describe our current understanding of the alternative functions of the host translational elongation factors and ribosomal protein S1 in Qβ replicase as replication factors, beyond their established functions in protein synthesis.
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作者：
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