The roles of two extracellular loops in proton sensing and permeation in human Otop1 proton channel.

The roles of two extracellular loops in proton sensing and permeation in human Otop1 proton channel.
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DOI:
10.1038/s42003-022-04085-2
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发表时间:
2022-10-20
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Yu, Yong
Yu, Yong
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li, Bin;Wang, Yan;Castro, Alexis;Ng, Courtney;Wang, Zhifei;Chaudhry, Haroon;Agbaje, Zainab;Ulloa, Gabriella A.;Yu, Yong

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最近发现 Otopetrin (Otop) 蛋白具有质子通道的功能,其中 Otop1 被揭示为哺乳动物中的酸味受体。 Otop 蛋白包含 12 个跨膜片段 (S1-S12),分为结构相似的 N 和 C 结构域。一旦通道被激活,Otop 通道感知细胞外质子以启动门控和传导质子的机制仍然很大程度上难以捉摸。在这里,我们表明两个细胞外环在人类 Otop1 通道功能中发挥着关键作用。我们发现 S5-S6 环中的残基 H229 对于 Otop1 的质子传感至关重要。此外,我们的数据表明,S11-12 环在结构和功能上对于 Otop1 通道至关重要,并且该环中的残基 D570 调节质子渗透到 C 结构域形成的孔中。这项研究揭示了这个新发现的离子通道家族的结构和功能背后的分子机制。电生理学实验、诱变和结构建模提供了对酸味受体 Otopetrin 1 的结构和功能的深入了解。
Otopetrin (Otop) proteins were recently found to function as proton channels, with Otop1 revealed to be the sour taste receptor in mammals. Otop proteins contain twelve transmembrane segments (S1-S12) which are divided into structurally similar N and C domains. The mechanisms by which Otop channels sense extracellular protons to initiate gating and conduct protons once the channels are activated remains largely elusive. Here we show that two extracellular loops are playing key roles in human Otop1 channel function. We find that residue H229 in the S5-S6 loop is critical for proton sensing of Otop1. Further, our data reveal that the S11-12 loop is structurally and functionally essential for the Otop1 channel and that residue D570 in this loop regulates proton permeation into the pore formed by the C domain. This study sheds light on the molecular mechanism behind the structure and function of this newly identified ion channel family. Electrophysiology experiments, mutagenesis, and structural modelling provide insights into the structure and function of the sour taste receptor Otopetrin 1.
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