Evolution and Ecology of Actinobacteria and Their Bioenergy Applications.

Evolution and Ecology of Actinobacteria and Their Bioenergy Applications.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-micro-102215-095748
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发表时间:
2016-09-08
影响因子:
10.5
通讯作者:
Currie CR
Currie CR
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lewin GR;Carlos C;Chevrette MG;Horn HA;McDonald BR;Stankey RJ;Fox BG;Currie CR

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古老的放线菌门是由帮助地球生态系统功能的遗传和生理多样性细菌组成的。放线菌作为自由生活的生物体和草食动物的共生体,通过分解植物生物量对全球碳循环做出贡献。此外,它们作为具有不同生物活性的小分子的生产者介导社区动态。总之,高纤维素分解能力和多样化学的进化,由它们在自然界中的生态作用形成,使放线菌成为生物能源工业的一个有前途的群体。具体来说,它们的酶可以促进工业规模的纤维素植物生物质分解为单糖,然后可以转化为生物燃料。此外,利用它们生物合成一系列小分子的能力,有可能生产特种生物燃料。
The ancient phylum Actinobacteria is composed of phylogenetically and physiologically diverse bacteria that help Earth’s ecosystems function. As free-living organisms and symbionts of herbivorous animals, Actinobacteria contribute to the global carbon cycle through the breakdown of plant biomass. In addition, they mediate community dynamics as producers of small molecules with diverse biological activities. Together, the evolution of high cellulolytic ability and diverse chemistry, shaped by their ecological roles in nature, make Actinobacteria a promising group for the bioenergy industry. Specifically, their enzymes can contribute to industrial-scale breakdown of cellulosic plant biomass into simple sugars that can then be converted into biofuels. Furthermore, harnessing their ability to biosynthesize a range of small molecules has potential for the production of specialty biofuels.
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