The epidemiology of HIV and HSV-2 infections among women participating in microbicide and vaccine feasibility studies in Northern Tanzania.
The epidemiology of HIV and HSV-2 infections among women participating in microbicide and vaccine feasibility studies in Northern Tanzania.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0068825
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hayes R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kapiga SH;Ewings FM;Ao T;Chilongani J;Mongi A;Baisley K;Francis S;Andreasen A;Hashim R;Watson-Jones D;Changalucha J;Hayes R
为了为未来的艾滋病毒预防试验做准备，我们在坦桑尼亚北部食品和娱乐设施工作的妇女中进行了前瞻性队列研究。我们检查了HIV和HSV-2的患病率和发病率，以及相关的危险因素。对18-44岁在食品和娱乐设施工作的女性进行了筛查，以确定她们是否有资格参加研究。2008-2010年间，对艾滋病毒阴性妇女进行了为期12个月的跟踪调查。在登记时和3个月，我们收集了社会人口和行为数据，并进行了临床检查，收集了检测生殖道感染的生物标本。用Poisson回归模型分析HIV和HSV-2发病的危险因素。我们筛选了2229名女性，招募了1378名女性。中位年龄为27岁(四分位数范围，IQR为22，33)，在现有机构工作的中位时间为2年。筛查时HIV感染率为16%，登记时HSV-2感染率为67%。在为期12个月的访问中，出席率为86%。HIV和HSV-2的发病率分别为3.7(95%可信区间：2.8、5.1)和28.6(95%可信区间：23.5、35.0)/100人年。与已婚妇女相比，分居、离婚或丧偶的妇女感染艾滋病毒(校正发病率比，ARR = 6.63；95%CI：1.97、22.2)和HSV-2(ARR = ：2.00；95%CI：1.15、3.47)的风险增加。在过去3个月中，有≥3伴侣的女性感染 = 的风险高于0-1伴侣的女性(ARR = 4.75；95%CI：2.10，10.8)，而受过中学或以上教育的女性感染HSV2的风险低于小学文化程度不全的女性(ARR HSV0.42；95%CI：0.22，0.82)。这一人群中的艾滋病毒和单纯疱疹病毒2型感染率仍然大大高于普通人群，这表明迫切需要有效的干预措施。这些研究证明了在这一高度流动的人口中进行试验以测试新干预措施的可行性。
To prepare for future HIV prevention trials, we conducted prospective cohort studies among women working in food and recreational facilities in northern Tanzania. We examined the prevalence and incidence of HIV and HSV-2, and associated risk factors. Women aged 18–44 years working in food and recreational facilities were screened to determine their eligibility for the studies. Between 2008–2010, HIV-negative women were enrolled and followed for 12 months. At enrolment and 3-monthly, we collected socio-demographic and behavioural data, and performed clinical examinations for collection of biological specimens that were tested for reproductive tract infections. Risk factors for HIV and HSV-2 incidence were investigated using Poisson regression models. We screened 2,229 and enrolled 1,378 women. The median age was 27 years (interquartile range, IQR 22, 33), and median duration working at current facility was 2 years. The prevalences of HIV at screening and HSV-2 at enrolment were 16% and 67%, respectively. Attendance at the 12-month visit was 86%. HIV and HSV-2 incidence rates were 3.7 (95% confidence interval, CI: 2.8,5.1) and 28.6 (95% CI: 23.5,35.0)/100 person-years, respectively. Women who were separated, divorced, or widowed were at increased risk of HIV (adjusted incidence rate ratio, aRR = 6.63; 95% CI: 1.97,22.2) and HSV-2 (aRR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.15,3.47) compared with married women. Women reporting ≥3 partners in the past 3 months were at higher HIV risk compared with women with 0–1 partner (aRR = 4.75; 95% CI: 2.10,10.8), while those who had reached secondary education or above were at lower risk of HSV-2 compared with women with incomplete primary education (aRR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.22,0.82). HIV and HSV-2 rates remain substantially higher in this cohort than in the general population, indicating urgent need for effective interventions. These studies demonstrate the feasibility of conducting trials to test new interventions in this highly-mobile population.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Ramjee, Gita;Wand, Handan;Nunn, Andrew
通讯作者：
Nunn, Andrew
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Nel, Annalene;Mabude, Zonke;van de Wijgert, Janneke
通讯作者：
van de Wijgert, Janneke
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Mahony, JB;Song, X;Kapala, J
通讯作者：
Kapala, J
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Gallo, Maria F.;Warner, Lee;Nahmias, Andre J.
通讯作者：
Nahmias, Andre J.
DOI：
10.1086/651483
发表时间：
2010-05-15
期刊：
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Abdool Karim Q;Sibeko S;Baxter C
通讯作者：
Baxter C