Hormonal control of motivational circuitry orchestrates the transition to sexuality in Drosophila.

Hormonal control of motivational circuitry orchestrates the transition to sexuality in Drosophila.
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激素控制的动机电路协调过渡到性在果蝇。

DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abg6926
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发表时间:
2021-06
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Crickmore MA
Crickmore MA
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang SX;Glantz EH;Miner LE;Rogulja D;Crickmore MA

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在雄性果蝇中,产生生殖行为的变化是激活性的,而不是组织性的。新生儿和刚孵化的小动物可以做出令人难以置信的复杂行为,但许多动物在生命之初就放弃了性行为。长期以来,人们都知道荷尔蒙的变化会驱动青春期的身体和行为变化,这导致了一种很大程度上未经验证的假设,即性行为是从神经回路的组织变化中产生的。我们发现雄性果蝇向性行为的转变是由激素变化控制的,但这种调节是功能性的,而不是结构性的。在非常年轻的雄性中,一种作用广泛的激素直接抑制三种求爱回路元件的活动,确保完全抑制性动机和性行为。阻断或凌驾于这些抑制机制之上,会让非常年轻的无性雄性立即产生强烈的性行为。与哺乳动物青春期的相似之处表明了一个普遍的原则,即荷尔蒙的变化不是通过构建新的电路,而是通过允许其他潜在的动机电路元素的活动来限制向性行为的过渡。
In Drosophila males, the changes that give rise to reproductive behaviors are activational rather than organizational. Newborns and hatchlings can perform incredibly sophisticated behaviors, but many animals abstain from sexual activity at the beginning of life. Hormonal changes have long been known to drive both physical and behavioral changes during adolescence, leading to the largely untested assumption that sexuality emerges from organizational changes to neuronal circuitry. We show that the transition to sexuality in male Drosophila is controlled by hormonal changes, but this regulation is functional rather than structural. In very young males, a broadly acting hormone directly inhibits the activity of three courtship-motivating circuit elements, ensuring the complete suppression of sexual motivation and behavior. Blocking or overriding these inhibitory mechanisms evokes immediate and robust sexual behavior from very young and otherwise asexual males. Similarities to mammalian adolescence suggest a general principle in which hormonal changes gate the transition to sexuality not by constructing new circuitry but by permitting activity in otherwise latent motivational circuit elements.
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