Conceptual anchoring dissociates implicit and explicit category learning.
Conceptual anchoring dissociates implicit and explicit category learning.
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DOI：
10.1037/xlm0000856
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Church BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith JD;Jackson BN;Adamczyk MN;Church BA
分类研究人员长期以来一直在争论多重分类学习系统的可能性。人们仍然需要将外显-陈述性类别学习过程（以可语言表达的类别规则为特征）与内隐-程序过程（以陈述性认知下的刺激-反应关联为特征）分离开来的范式。作者贡献了一种新的范例，使用完全匹配的异或（XOR）类别任务，其区别仅在于是否存在易于语言表达的概念内容。这种操作改变了学习。通过深刻的规则发现，突然学会了概念性任务，产生了显式声明性异或知识。知觉任务的学习更加渐进，与联想学习过程一致，产生了贫乏的陈述性知识。我们还对参与者进行了即时强化和延迟强化的测试。单独的概念任务是通过过程来学习的，这些过程在失去了一次又一次的强化后仍然存在。所有的结果都支持这样的观点，即人类有内隐学习的感知联想过程，但也有一个重叠的概念系统，在适当的情况下，它构成了一个平行的外显陈述性类别学习系统。
Categorization researchers have long debated the possibility of multiple category-learning systems. The need persists for paradigms that dissociate explicit-declarative category-learning processes (featuring verbalizeable category rules) from implicit-procedural processes (featuring stimulus-response associations lying beneath declarative cognition). The authors contribute a new paradigm, using perfectly matched exclusive-or (XOR) category tasks differing only in the availability or absence of easily verbalizeable conceptual content. This manipulation transformed learning. The conceptual task alone was learned suddenly, by insightful rule discovery, producing explicit-declarative XOR knowledge. The perceptual task was learned more gradually, consistent with associative-learning processes, producing impoverished declarative knowledge. We also tested participants under regimens of immediate and deferred reinforcement. The conceptual task alone was learned through processes that survive the loss of trial-by-trial reinforcement. All results support the idea that humans have perceptual-associative processes for implicit learning, but also an overlain conceptual system that under the right circumstances constitutes a parallel explicit-declarative category-learning system.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
Smith JD;Church BA
通讯作者：
Church BA
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
Thompson, Roger K. R.
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.29.4.650
发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Church BA