Daytime naps, motor memory consolidation and regionally specific sleep spindles.
Daytime naps, motor memory consolidation and regionally specific sleep spindles.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0000341
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发表时间：
2007-04-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Walker, Matthew P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishida, Masaki;Walker, Matthew P.
越来越多的证据表明，运动技能记忆在一夜睡眠中得到改善，而非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠通常在协调这些巩固增强中发挥作用。在这里，我们展示了白天小睡对运动记忆巩固的好处，以及它不仅与全球睡眠阶段措施的关系，而且与区域特定位置的睡眠纺锤波的独特特征有关;映射到相应的记忆表征。两组受试者使用他们的左手进行运动技能任务的训练--这种范例已知会导致对侧右侧运动皮层的夜间可塑性变化。两组都在早上训练，8小时后进行测试，其中一组获得60-90分钟的午休时间，而另一组保持清醒。在测试中，没有午睡的受试者表现出没有显着的表现改善，但那些午睡的人表现出非常显着的巩固增强。在午睡组中，离线改善的数量与第二阶段NREM睡眠的整体测量结果显着相关。然而，地形睡眠纺锤波分析揭示了更精确的相关性。具体来说，当非学习半球（左）中央电极的纺锤波活动从学习半球（右）中减去时，代表学习后的稳态差异，与离线记忆改善的强正相关出现了，这种相关性在任何一个半球都不明显。这些结果表明，运动记忆是动态促进白天小睡，增强是唯一相关的电生理事件表达在本地，解剖学上离散的位置的大脑。
Increasing evidence demonstrates that motor-skill memories improve across a night of sleep, and that non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep commonly plays a role in orchestrating these consolidation enhancements. Here we show the benefit of a daytime nap on motor memory consolidation and its relationship not simply with global sleep-stage measures, but unique characteristics of sleep spindles at regionally specific locations; mapping to the corresponding memory representation. Two groups of subjects trained on a motor-skill task using their left hand – a paradigm known to result in overnight plastic changes in the contralateral, right motor cortex. Both groups trained in the morning and were tested 8 hr later, with one group obtaining a 60–90 minute intervening midday nap, while the other group remained awake. At testing, subjects that did not nap showed no significant performance improvement, yet those that did nap expressed a highly significant consolidation enhancement. Within the nap group, the amount of offline improvement showed a significant correlation with the global measure of stage-2 NREM sleep. However, topographical sleep spindle analysis revealed more precise correlations. Specifically, when spindle activity at the central electrode of the non-learning hemisphere (left) was subtracted from that in the learning hemisphere (right), representing the homeostatic difference following learning, strong positive relationships with offline memory improvement emerged–correlations that were not evident for either hemisphere alone. These results demonstrate that motor memories are dynamically facilitated across daytime naps, enhancements that are uniquely associated with electrophysiological events expressed at local, anatomically discrete locations of the brain.
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