Sea cucumber genome provides insights into saponin biosynthesis and aestivation regulation.

Sea cucumber genome provides insights into saponin biosynthesis and aestivation regulation.
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海参基因组为皂苷生物合成和夏眠调节提供了见解

DOI:
10.1038/s41421-018-0030-5
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
33.5
通讯作者:
Wang S
Wang S
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li Y;Wang R;Xun X;Wang J;Bao L;Thimmappa R;Ding J;Jiang J;Zhang L;Li T;Lv J;Mu C;Hu X;Zhang L;Liu J;Li Y;Yao L;Jiao W;Wang Y;Lian S;Zhao Z;Zhan Y;Huang X;Liao H;Wang J;Sun H;Mi X;Xia Y;Xing Q;Lu W;Osbourn A;Zhou Z;Chang Y;Bao Z;Wang S

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棘皮动物表现出一些在动物界罕见的令人着迷的进化创新,但这些动物是如何获得这些特征的还不太清楚。在这里,我们报道了海参apostichopus japonicus的基因组和广泛转录组的测序和分析,apostichopus japonicus是一种特殊的棘皮动物,具有非凡的皂苷合成、生长和器官再生潜力。海参不像以前认为的那样具有重组的hoxcluster, hox7和hox11 /13b的空间表达可能指导胚胎向幼虫的轴向转化。与动物胆固醇合成中典型的羊毛甾醇生产相反,海参的氧化角鲨烯环化酶产生用于合成皂苷的白藜芦醇,并且具有“类似植物”的基序,表明趋同进化。转录因子sklf2和degr1被认为是睡眠的关键调节因子,可能通过时钟基因控制的过程发挥作用。肠道低代谢是由多种代谢基因通路的DNA超甲基化驱动的,而肠道再生的转录网络涉及多种信号通路,包括Wnt、Hippo和FGF。破解海参基因组为深入了解海参和其他棘皮动物的非凡特征提供了新的途径。
Echinoderms exhibit several fascinating evolutionary innovations that are rarely seen in the animal kingdom, but how these animals attained such features is not well understood. Here we report the sequencing and analysis of the genome and extensive transcriptomes of the sea cucumberApostichopus japonicus, a species from a special echinoderm group with extraordinary potential for saponin synthesis, aestivation and organ regeneration. The sea cucumber does not possess a reorganizedHoxcluster as previously assumed for all echinoderms, and the spatial expression ofHox7andHox11/13bpotentially guides the embryo-to-larva axial transformation. Contrary to the typical production of lanosterol in animal cholesterol synthesis, the oxidosqualene cyclase of sea cucumber produces parkeol for saponin synthesis and has “plant-like” motifs suggestive of convergent evolution. The transcriptional factorsKlf2andEgr1are identified as key regulators of aestivation, probably exerting their effects through a clock gene-controlled process. Intestinal hypometabolism during aestivation is driven by the DNA hypermethylation of various metabolic gene pathways, whereas the transcriptional network of intestine regeneration involves diverse signaling pathways, including Wnt, Hippo and FGF. Decoding the sea cucumber genome provides a new avenue for an in-depth understanding of the extraordinary features of sea cucumbers and other echinoderms.
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