Structural and functional differences in medial prefrontal cortex underlie distractibility and suppression deficits in ageing.
Structural and functional differences in medial prefrontal cortex underlie distractibility and suppression deficits in ageing.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms5223
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发表时间：
2014-06-30
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Gazzaley, Adam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chadick, James Z.;Zanto, Theodore P.;Gazzaley, Adam
老年人的工作记忆（WM）的缺陷会因分散注意力的信息的存在而加剧。人类神经生理学研究表明，这些变化伴随着抑制与任务无关信息相关的视觉皮层活动的能力减弱。虽然这通常被归因于前额叶皮层自上而下控制的缺陷，但这还没有被直接证明。在这里，我们评估的神经基础分心的负面影响WM和损伤的神经抑制在老年人进行结构和功能的MRI，而老年参与者从事的任务，需要记住相关的视觉刺激的背景下，重叠的无关刺激。分析支持与年龄相关的分心效应和神经抑制缺陷，并通过揭示视觉皮层和默认网络中的内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）区域之间的功能连接的改变来扩展我们的理解。此外，在老年人群中，WM分心和神经抑制的程度都与皮质体积和活动的mPFC，以及其相关的白质束的个体差异。
Older adults experience deficits in working memory (WM) that are acutely exacerbated by the presence of distracting information. Human neurophysiological studies have revealed that these changes are accompanied by a diminished ability to suppress visual cortical activity associated with task-irrelevant information. Although this is often attributed to deficits in top-down control from a prefrontal cortical source, this has not yet been directly demonstrated. Here we evaluate the neural basis of distraction’s negative impact on WM and the impairment in neural suppression in older adults by performing structural and functional MRIs while older participants engage in tasks that require remembering relevant visual stimuli in the context of overlapping irrelevant stimuli. Analysis supports both an age-related distraction effect and neural suppression deficit, and extends our understanding by revealing an alteration in functional connectivity between visual cortices and a region in the default network, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Moreover, within the older population, the magnitude of WM distractibility and neural suppression are both associated with individual differences in cortical volume and activity of the mPFC, as well as its associated white-matter tracts.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504136102
发表时间：
2005-07-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fox, MD;Snyder, AZ;Raichle, ME
通讯作者：
Raichle, ME
额顶认知控制网络的年龄差异：对注意力分散的影响。
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Campbell KL;Grady CL;Ng C;Hasher L
通讯作者：
Hasher L
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Grady, CL;Springer, MV;Winocur, G
通讯作者：
Winocur, G
影响因子：
--
作者：
FITTS, PM
通讯作者：
FITTS, PM
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Epstein, R;Kanwisher, N
通讯作者：
Kanwisher, N