AMDOPARVOVIRUS INFECTIONS ARE PREVALENT, PERSISTENT, AND GENETICALLY DIVERSE IN ZOO-HOUSED RED PANDAS (AILURUS FULGENS).
AMDOPARVOVIRUS INFECTIONS ARE PREVALENT, PERSISTENT, AND GENETICALLY DIVERSE IN ZOO-HOUSED RED PANDAS (AILURUS FULGENS).
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DOI：
10.1638/2021-0082
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Pesavento, Patricia A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alex, Charles E.;Kubiski, Steven, V;Jackson, Kenneth A.;Wack, Raymund F.;Pesavento, Patricia A.
小熊猫 (Ailurus fulgens) 是一种全球濒临灭绝的小型食肉动物，也是包括动物园饲养的动物在内的强有力的迁地保护工作的对象。 2018 年，通过对两只老年小熊猫的组织进行宏基因组学分析，发现了小熊猫端细小病毒 (RPAV)，在一个病例中，它与重大病变相关。由于 RPAV 是在单个动物园群体中发现的，因此尚不清楚这些感染是否代表了小熊猫广泛分布的地方性病毒，或者是来自不同宿主物种的局部“溢出”到该集合中。这项研究的第一个目标是估计美国动物园中 RPAV 的流行率。作者从美国 37 个动物园的 104 只小熊猫的粪便中扩增了 RPAV，并在 52/104 个样本 (50.0%) 中检测到了该病毒。接下来，为了确定个体动物中感染的持续性，作者在 4.5 年的时间里测试了单个队列中的连续样本，在整个采样期间，受感染的动物持续散发病毒。最后，对 3 个病例的完整病毒编码序列进行了扩增和测序，并获得了另外 19 个病例的非结构基因和衣壳基因的部分序列。 RPAV 是一种遗传多样性但单系的病毒物种，美国动物园饲养的小熊猫中存在多种病毒谱系。作者不知道小熊猫最初是如何被感染的，但 RPAV 在美国的小熊猫中非常常见，而且感染是持续的——大概是在动物的一生中。
Red pandas (Ailurus fulgens) are a globally endangered small carnivoran species and subjects of a robust ex situ conservation effort that includes animals housed in zoos. In 2018, red panda amdoparvovirus (RPAV) was discovered by metagenomics analyses of tissues from two geriatric red pandas, and in one case it was associated with significant lesions. Because RPAV was discovered in a single zoo cohort, it was unclear whether these infections represented a widely distributed, enzootic virus of red pandas or a localized ‘spillover’ from a different host species into this collection. The first goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of RPAV in US zoos. The authors amplified RPAV from feces of 104 individual red pandas from 37 US zoos, and the virus was detected in 52/104 samples (50.0%). Next, to establish persistence of infection in individual animals, the authors tested serial samples in a single cohort over a 4.5-yr period, and virus was consistently shed by infected animals throughout the sampling period. Finally, full viral coding sequences were amplified and sequenced from three cases, and partial sequences of both the nonstructural and capsid genes were obtained for an additional 19 cases. RPAV is a genetically diverse but monophyletic viral species, and multiple viral lineages are present in US zoo–housed red pandas. The authors do not know how red pandas were originally infected, but RPAV is very common in red pandas in the United States, and infections are persistent—presumably for the lifetime of the animal.
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