Experimental Evaluation of a Debiasing Method for Analysis in Engineering Design

Experimental Evaluation of a Debiasing Method for Analysis in Engineering Design
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工程设计分析去偏方法的实验评估

DOI:
10.1017/dsi.2019.53
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Matthiesen
Matthiesen
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nelius;Matthiesen

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在工程设计分析过程中,系统性思维错误(即所谓的认知偏差)可能会导致对设计问题的不准确理解。通过竞争假设分析 - ACH 方法的简化版本和简化的决策矩阵,尤其可以最大限度地减少确认偏差。为了评估这种方法,我们向经验丰富的设计工程师和机械工程专业的学生教授了该方法。在实验评估过程中,参与者分析了一个实际的技术问题。将程序和结果与之前进行的相同任务的研究进行了比较。设计工程师没有改变他们的方法,也无法进一步提高他们的分析成功率。通过这次培训,学员们受益匪浅。他们在培训中提到了两倍的支持证据和六倍的矛盾证据,表明进行了更广泛的分析。结果,与未经培训的学生相比,学生表现出的确认偏差迹象明显减少。研究结果表明,应在工程设计教育中尽早引入去偏策略。
During analysis in engineering design, systematic thinking errors - so-called cognitive biases - can lead to inaccurate understanding of the design problem. With a simplified version of the Analysis of Competing Hypotheses - ACH method and a simplified decision matrix, the confirmation bias in particular can be minimized. To evaluate this method, it was taught to experienced design engineers and mechanical engineering students. During the experimental evaluation the participants analysed a real technical problem. The procedures and results were compared with a previously conducted study with the same task. The design engineers have not changed their approaches and could not further improve their analysis success. The students profited considerably from the training. They have mentioned twice as much supporting evidence and six times as much contradicting evidence through the training indicating a more extensive analysis. As a result, the students showed significantly fewer signs of confirmation bias than without training. The findings suggest that debiasing strategies should be introduced early in engineering design education.
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