Event segmentation improves event memory up to one month later.
Event segmentation improves event memory up to one month later.
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DOI：
10.1037/xlm0000367
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发表时间：
2017-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zacks JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flores S;Bailey HR;Eisenberg ML;Zacks JM
当人们观察日常活动时，他们会自发地将其解析为离散的有意义的事件。以更规范的方式划分活动的个人对事件表现出更好的后续记忆。如果对事件进行分段可以有效提高记忆力，那么要求人们进行分段是否可以改善后续记忆？为了回答这个问题，参与者观看了自然活动的电影，并附有指示以记住该活动以供以后的测试，并且在某些情况下还按下按钮将电影分割成有意义的事件，或者执行需要按下按钮但不注意分割的控制条件。在五个实验中，对电影的记忆进行了评估，时间间隔从观看后立即到一个月后不等。执行事件分段任务可以在延迟 10 分钟到 1 个月的情况下获得出色的记忆力。此外，分割能力的个体差异可以预测编码后长达一个月的记忆表现的个体差异。这项研究提供了第一个证据，表明操纵事件分段会影响长时间延迟的记忆，并且事件分段的个体差异与长时间延迟的记忆差异有关。这些效应表明，关注一项活动如何分解为有意义的事件有助于记忆的形成。指导人们更有效地分割事件可能作为一种潜在的干预措施，以减轻老龄化和临床人群的日常记忆问题。
When people observe everyday activity, they spontaneously parse it into discrete meaningful events. Individuals who segment activity in a more normative fashion show better subsequent memory for the events. If segmenting events effectively leads to better memory, does asking people to attend to segmentation improve subsequent memory? To answer this question, participants viewed movies of naturalistic activity with instructions to remember the activity for a later test, and in some conditions additionally pressed a button to segment the movies into meaningful events or performed a control condition that required button-pressing but not attending to segmentation. In five experiments, memory for the movies was assessed at intervals ranging from immediately following viewing to one month later. Performing the event segmentation task led to superior memory at delays ranging from 10 min to one month. Further, individual differences in segmentation ability predicted individual differences in memory performance for up to a month following encoding. This study provides the first evidence that manipulating event segmentation affects memory over long delays and that individual differences in event segmentation are related to differences in memory over long delays. These effects suggest that attending to how an activity breaks down into meaningful events contributes to memory formation. Instructing people to more effectively segment events may serve as a potential intervention to alleviate everyday memory complaints in aging and clinical populations.
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影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Bailey HR;Zacks JM;Hambrick DZ;Zacks RT;Head D;Kurby CA;Sargent JQ
通讯作者：
Sargent JQ
影响因子：
4
作者：
BOWER, GH;CLARKMEYERS, G
通讯作者：
CLARKMEYERS, G
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
BAHRICK, HP;BAHRICK, LE;BAHRICK, PE
通讯作者：
BAHRICK, PE
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Ezzyat Y;Davachi L
通讯作者：
Davachi L
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Germine, Laura;Nakayama, Ken;Wilmer, Jeremy B.
通讯作者：
Wilmer, Jeremy B.