The genomic landscape and evolutionary resolution of antagonistic pleiotropy in yeast.

The genomic landscape and evolutionary resolution of antagonistic pleiotropy in yeast.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2012.09.017
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发表时间:
2012-11-29
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Zhang J
Zhang J
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Qian W;Ma D;Xiao C;Wang Z;Zhang J

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拮抗多效性(AP)或遗传权衡是衰老、癌症、遗传疾病和其他常见现象理论中经常引用的重要概念。但是,目前尚不清楚 AP 的流行程度、哪些基因受 AP 影响,以及 AP 的解决程度和方式。通过测量酵母中约 5000 个非必需基因的野生型和无效等位基因之间的适应性差异,我们发现,在任何给定环境中,酵母表达数百个对生物体有害而不是有益的基因,这证明了广泛的 AP。尽管如此,在充分的选择下,AP通常可以通过调控进化来解决,主要是通过反式作用变化,尽管在一种情况下我们也检测到顺式作用变化并定位其因果突变。然而,较小群体中的 AP 解析速度较慢,因此预测多细胞生物中未解析的 AP 数量多于酵母。这些发现为 AP 依赖理论提供了经验基础,并具有广泛的生物医学和进化意义。
Antagonistic pleiotropy (AP) or genetic tradeoff is an important concept invoked frequently in theories of aging, cancer, genetic disease, and other common phenomena. But, it is unclear how prevalent AP is, which genes are subject to AP, and to what extent and how AP may be resolved. By measuring the fitness difference between the wild-type and null alleles of ~5000 nonessential genes in yeast, we find that, in any given environment, yeast expresses hundreds of genes that harm rather than benefit the organism, demonstrating widespread AP. Nonetheless, under sufficient selection, AP is often resolvable through regulatory evolution, primarily by trans-acting changes, although in one case we also detect a cis-acting change and localize its causal mutation. AP resolution, however, is slower in smaller populations, predicting more unresolved AP in multicellular organisms than in yeast. These findings provide the empirical foundation for AP-dependent theories and have broad biomedical and evolutionary implications.
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