Sex matters during adolescence: testosterone-related cortical thickness maturation differs between boys and girls.
Sex matters during adolescence: testosterone-related cortical thickness maturation differs between boys and girls.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0033850
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sowell ER
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bramen JE;Hranilovich JA;Dahl RE;Chen J;Rosso C;Forbes EE;Dinov ID;Worthman CM;Sowell ER
在青春期观察到与年龄相关的皮质厚度变化，包括额叶和顶叶皮质变薄，以及外侧颞叶变厚。研究表明，当男孩和女孩年龄匹配时，与荷尔蒙相关的大脑成熟存在性别差异，然而，由于女孩比男孩提前一到两年成熟，这些性别差异可能会被青春期成熟所混淆。为了直接解决青春期的影响，这项研究通过研究85名年龄范围狭窄、性成熟程度匹配的男孩和女孩，评估了与睾丸激素相关的皮质成熟的性别差异。我们预计，在动物文献中已知的雄激素受体高的大脑区域，将观察到不同性别的睾丸激素与皮质厚度的相互作用。我们发现，在左侧顶下小叶、中回、距骨沟和右侧舌回，所有已知的雄激素受体高的区域，循环中的睾酮与厚度之间的相关性存在性别差异。随着睾丸激素的增加，男孩的视觉区域增加，但女孩的视觉区域减少。所有其他地区的女孩比男孩更容易受到睾丸激素水平的影响。性激素相互作用的区域模式可能对理解行为上的性别差异和青少年起病的神经精神障碍有意义。
Age-related changes in cortical thickness have been observed during adolescence, including thinning in frontal and parietal cortices, and thickening in the lateral temporal lobes. Studies have shown sex differences in hormone-related brain maturation when boys and girls are age-matched, however, because girls mature 1–2 years earlier than boys, these sex differences could be confounded by pubertal maturation. To address puberty effects directly, this study assessed sex differences in testosterone-related cortical maturation by studying 85 boys and girls in a narrow age range and matched on sexual maturity. We expected that testosterone-by-sex interactions on cortical thickness would be observed in brain regions known from the animal literature to be high in androgen receptors. We found sex differences in associations between circulating testosterone and thickness in left inferior parietal lobule, middle temporal gyrus, calcarine sulcus, and right lingual gyrus, all regions known to be high in androgen receptors. Visual areas increased with testosterone in boys, but decreased in girls. All other regions were more impacted by testosterone levels in girls than boys. The regional pattern of sex-by-testosterone interactions may have implications for understanding sex differences in behavior and adolescent-onset neuropsychiatric disorders.
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