ZYP1 is required for obligate cross-over formation and cross-over interference in Arabidopsis.
ZYP1 is required for obligate cross-over formation and cross-over interference in Arabidopsis.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2021671118
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发表时间：
2021-04-06
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Higgins JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
France MG;Enderle J;Röhrig S;Puchta H;Franklin FCH;Higgins JD
联会复合体(Synaptonemal Complex，SC)是一种减数分裂特有的蛋白质超微结构，在大多数有性生殖真核生物中需要确保交叉(CO)的形成。它由两个由横丝相连的侧向元件组成。尽管SC的总体结构在整个王国中都是保守的，但突变体之间的表型差异使SC的神秘角色永久化。在这里，我们使用遗传学和细胞遗传学的方法来证明，在拟南芥中，横向丝蛋白ZYP1作用于减数分裂重组的多条途径。ZYP1是CO保证所必需的，从而确保每个染色体对至少接收一个CO。ZYP1限制CO的数量并调节CO干扰，这一现象降低了多个CO近距离形成的可能性。联会复合体是大多数真核生物减数分裂前期I期在同源染色体之间形成的三部分蛋白质超微结构。它的特点是横向丝蛋白在两个横向元件之间协调安装，是野生型水平的交换和减数分裂进程所必需的。我们使用T-DNA插入突变体和CRISPR/Cas靶向突变相结合的方法，获得了复制的拟南芥横丝基因zyp1a和zyp1b的零突变。细胞学和遗传学分析表明，zyp1缺失突变体失去了专性交叉，重组图谱长度增加了1.3-1.7倍，实际上没有交叉(CO)干扰，这是由双重CO的数量显著增加所决定的。在双线期，在zyp1突变体中，作为I类干扰敏感CoS的标志的HEI10焦点的数量是野生型的两倍。Zyp1中重组的增加似乎不是由于第二类干扰不敏感的CoS，因为与msh5相比，msh5/zyp1中的交叉∼减少了52%。这些数据表明，ZYP1限制了拟南芥中紧密排列的I类CoS的形成。我们的数据表明，ZYP1的安装发生在ASY1标记的轴桥上，蛋白质的丢失扰乱了染色体轴的渐进共排列。
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a meiosis-specific proteinaceous ultrastructure required to ensure cross-over (CO) formation in the majority of sexually reproducing eukaryotes. It is composed of two lateral elements adjoined by transverse filaments. Even though the general structure of the SC is conserved throughout kingdoms, phenotypic differences between mutants perpetuate the enigmatic role of the SC. Here, we have used genetic and cytogenetic approaches to show that the transverse filament protein, ZYP1, acts on multiple pathways of meiotic recombination in Arabidopsis. ZYP1 is required for CO assurance, thus ensuring that every chromosome pair receives at least one CO. ZYP1 limits the number of COs and mediates CO interference, the phenomenon that reduces the probability of multiple COs forming close together. The synaptonemal complex is a tripartite proteinaceous ultrastructure that forms between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis in the majority of eukaryotes. It is characterized by the coordinated installation of transverse filament proteins between two lateral elements and is required for wild-type levels of crossing over and meiotic progression. We have generated null mutants of the duplicated Arabidopsis transverse filament genes zyp1a and zyp1b using a combination of T-DNA insertional mutants and targeted CRISPR/Cas mutagenesis. Cytological and genetic analysis of the zyp1 null mutants reveals loss of the obligate chiasma, an increase in recombination map length by 1.3- to 1.7-fold and a virtual absence of cross-over (CO) interference, determined by a significant increase in the number of double COs. At diplotene, the numbers of HEI10 foci, a marker for Class I interference-sensitive COs, are twofold greater in the zyp1 mutant compared to wild type. The increase in recombination in zyp1 does not appear to be due to the Class II interference-insensitive COs as chiasmata were reduced by ∼52% in msh5/zyp1 compared to msh5. These data suggest that ZYP1 limits the formation of closely spaced Class I COs in Arabidopsis. Our data indicate that installation of ZYP1 occurs at ASY1-labeled axial bridges and that loss of the protein disrupts progressive coalignment of the chromosome axes.
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