Melanocortin-4 receptors expressed by cholinergic neurons regulate energy balance and glucose homeostasis.

Melanocortin-4 receptors expressed by cholinergic neurons regulate energy balance and glucose homeostasis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cmet.2011.01.010
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发表时间:
2011-02-02
期刊:
影响因子:
29
通讯作者:
Elmquist JK
Elmquist JK
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rossi J;Balthasar N;Olson D;Scott M;Berglund E;Lee CE;Choi MJ;Lauzon D;Lowell BB;Elmquist JK

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黑皮质素 4 受体 (MC4R) 突变会导致能量平衡失调和高胰岛素血症。我们使用小鼠模型来研究下丘脑外 MC4R 的生理作用。胆碱能神经元(ChAT-Cre、loxTB MC4R 小鼠)中 MC4R 的重新表达在不改变食物摄入量的情况下适度减少了体重增加,并且足以使能量消耗正常化并减轻高血糖和高胰岛素血症。相比之下,脑干神经元(包括迷走神经背侧运动核中的MC4R表达)的恢复(Phox2b-Cre,loxTB MC4R小鼠)足以减轻高胰岛素血症,而高血糖和能量平衡并未正常化。此外,ChAT-Cre、loxTB MC4R 小鼠的肝脏胰岛素作用和胰岛素介导的肝脏葡萄糖产生抑制得到改善。这些发现表明胆碱能神经元表达的 MC4R 调节能量消耗和肝葡萄糖产生。我们的结果还提供了介导黑皮质素对能量平衡和葡萄糖稳态影响的途径解离的进一步证据。
Melanocortin-4-receptor (MC4R) mutations cause dysregulation of energy balance and hyperinsulinemia. We have used mouse models to study the physiological roles of extrahypothalamic MC4Rs. Re-expression of MC4Rs in cholinergic neurons (ChAT-Cre, loxTB MC4R mice) modestly reduced body weight gain without altering food intake and was sufficient to normalize energy expenditure and attenuate hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. In contrast, restoration of MC4R expression in brainstem neurons including those in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (Phox2b-Cre, loxTB MC4R mice) was sufficient to attenuate hyperinsulinemia, while the hyperglycemia and energy balance were not normalized. Additionally, hepatic insulin action and insulin mediated-suppression of hepatic glucose production were improved in ChAT-Cre, loxTB MC4R mice. These findings suggest that MC4Rs expressed by cholinergic neurons regulate energy expenditure and hepatic glucose production. Our results also provide further evidence of the dissociation in pathways mediating the effects of melanocortins on energy balance and glucose homeostasis.
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