Wildfire, Smoke Exposure, Human Health, and Environmental Justice Need to be Integrated into Forest Restoration and Management.
Wildfire, Smoke Exposure, Human Health, and Environmental Justice Need to be Integrated into Forest Restoration and Management.
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DOI：
10.1007/s40572-022-00355-7
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发表时间：
2022-09
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Spector, June T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D'Evelyn, Savannah M.;Jung, Jihoon;Alvarado, Ernesto;Baumgartner, Jill;Caligiuri, Pete;Hagmann, R. Keala;Henderson, Sarah B.;Hessburg, Paul F.;Hopkins, Sean;Kasner, Edward J.;Krawchuk, Meg A.;Krenz, Jennifer E.;Lydersen, Jamie M.;Marlier, Miriam E.;Masuda, Yuta J.;Metlen, Kerry;Mittelstaedt, Gillian;Prichard, Susan J.;Schollaert, Claire L.;Smith, Edward B.;Stevens, Jens T.;Tessum, Christopher W.;Reeb-Whitaker, Carolyn;Wilkins, Joseph L.;Wolff, Nicholas H.;Wood, Leah M.;Haugo, Ryan D.;Spector, June T.
关键词：
美国西部越来越大的野火和越来越严重的野火造成了一场环境和社会危机，必须从跨学科的角度来处理。气候变化和一个多世纪的火灾排斥和野火扑灭导致了当代野火的产生，对环境的影响更加严重，人类暴露在烟雾中。野火增加了美国大片人口的烟雾暴露，尽管户外工作者和适应能力有限的社会弱势群体可能会不成比例地暴露在烟雾中。暴露在野火烟雾中与儿童和成人的一系列健康影响有关，包括哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病等现有呼吸系统疾病的恶化、更糟糕的出生结局和心血管事件。华盛顿州、俄勒冈州和加利福尼亚州的季节性干燥森林可以受益于生态恢复，以此来使森林适应气候变化，减少对受影响社区的烟雾影响。每个野火季节、大烟雾事件及其对人类健康的不利影响都受到公众和政策制定者的极大关注。最近严重的野火季节让州和联邦政府概述了预算，并确定了应对日益恶化的危机的优先政策。这种激增的关注提供了一个机会，概述现在需要采取的行动，以推进关于保护、经济、环境正义和公共卫生利益的研究和实践，以及必须考虑的权衡。科学家、规划者、林务人员和消防管理人员、消防安全、空气质量和公共卫生从业人员必须通力合作。这篇文章是一系列跨学科对话的结果，目的是找到共同点，随后提供森林和火灾管理如何通过烟雾的影响与人类健康相交的整体观点，并阐明对规划和实践采取综合方法的必要性。网上版载有补充材料，可在10.1007/s40572-022-00355-7查阅。
Increasing wildfire size and severity across the western United States has created an environmental and social crisis that must be approached from a transdisciplinary perspective. Climate change and more than a century of fire exclusion and wildfire suppression have led to contemporary wildfires with more severe environmental impacts and human smoke exposure. Wildfires increase smoke exposure for broad swaths of the US population, though outdoor workers and socially disadvantaged groups with limited adaptive capacity can be disproportionally exposed. Exposure to wildfire smoke is associated with a range of health impacts in children and adults, including exacerbation of existing respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, worse birth outcomes, and cardiovascular events. Seasonally dry forests in Washington, Oregon, and California can benefit from ecological restoration as a way to adapt forests to climate change and reduce smoke impacts on affected communities. Each wildfire season, large smoke events, and their adverse impacts on human health receive considerable attention from both the public and policymakers. The severity of recent wildfire seasons has state and federal governments outlining budgets and prioritizing policies to combat the worsening crisis. This surging attention provides an opportunity to outline the actions needed now to advance research and practice on conservation, economic, environmental justice, and public health interests, as well as the trade-offs that must be considered. Scientists, planners, foresters and fire managers, fire safety, air quality, and public health practitioners must collaboratively work together. This article is the result of a series of transdisciplinary conversations to find common ground and subsequently provide a holistic view of how forest and fire management intersect with human health through the impacts of smoke and articulate the need for an integrated approach to both planning and practice. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40572-022-00355-7.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph18115702
发表时间：
2021-05-26
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cowie CT;Wheeler AJ;Tripovich JS;Porta-Cubas A;Dennekamp M;Vardoulakis S;Goldman M;Sweet M;Howard P;Johnston F
通讯作者：
Johnston F
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2011048118
发表时间：
2021-01-12
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Burke M;Driscoll A;Heft-Neal S;Xue J;Burney J;Wara M
通讯作者：
Wara M
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Austin E;Kasner E;Seto E;Spector J
通讯作者：
Spector J
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph16193720
发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
Abdo, Mona;Ward, Isabella;Crooks, James L.
通讯作者：
Crooks, James L.
影响因子：
0.5
作者：
Agarwal, Neil K.;Sharma, Prerna;Agarwal, Shashi K.
通讯作者：
Agarwal, Shashi K.