Approachable Case Studies Support Learning and Reproducibility in Data Science: An Example from Evolutionary Biology

Approachable Case Studies Support Learning and Reproducibility in Data Science: An Example from Evolutionary Biology
复制标题

平易近人的案例研究支持数据科学的学习和可重复性:进化生物学的一个例子

DOI:
10.1080/26939169.2022.2099487
复制
发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
1.7
通讯作者:
McTavish, Emily Jane
McTavish, Emily Jane
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sanchez Reyes, Luna L.;McTavish, Emily Jane

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研究的可重复性对科学发展至关重要。然而,再现率很低。随着越来越多的研究依赖计算机和软件,提高再现率的努力集中在使研究产品数字化,例如将分析工作流程发布为计算机代码,以及以计算机可读形式发布原始和处理后的数据。然而,数字化的研究产品对学习者和在该领域几乎没有经验的感兴趣的各方来说并不一定友好。这使得研究产品难以接近,抵消了它们的可用性,并阻碍了科学的可重复性。为了提高可复制的科学实践的短期和长期采用,研究产品需要对学习者,未来的研究人员变得平易近人。使用进化生物学中的案例研究,我们确定了研究工作流程的各个方面,使他们无法接近普通观众:使用高度专业化的语言;目标不明确和认知负荷高;缺乏故障排除的例子。我们提出的原则,以提高研究工作流程的不可接近的方面,并说明其应用程序使用在线教学资源。我们详细阐述了这些原则的一般应用,记录研究产品和教学材料,为现在的学习者和未来的研究人员提供成功的科学再现性的工具。本文的补充材料可在网上查阅。
Research reproducibility is essential for scientific development. Yet, rates of reproducibility are low. As increasingly more research relies on computers and software, efforts for improving reproducibility rates have focused on making research products digitally available, such as publishing analysis workflows as computer code, and raw and processed data in computer readable form. However, research products that are digitally available are not necessarily friendly for learners and interested parties with little to no experience in the field. This renders research products unapproachable, counteracts their availability, and hinders scientific reproducibility. To improve both short- and long-term adoption of reproducible scientific practices, research products need to be made approachable for learners, the researchers of the future. Using a case study within evolutionary biology, we identify aspects of research workflows that make them unapproachable to the general audience: use of highly specialized language; unclear goals and high cognitive load; and lack of trouble-shooting examples. We propose principles to improve the unapproachable aspects of research workflows and illustrate their application using an online teaching resource. We elaborate on the general application of these principles for documenting research products and teaching materials, to provide present learners and future researchers with tools for successful scientific reproducibility. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
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