Linking In-Vehicle Ultrafine Particle Exposures to On-Road Concentrations.
Linking In-Vehicle Ultrafine Particle Exposures to On-Road Concentrations.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.05.021
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发表时间:
2012-11-01
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Fruin, Scott A.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hudda, Neelakshi;Eckel, Sandrah R.;Knibbs, Luke D.;Sioutas, Constantinos;Delfino, Ralph J.;Fruin, Scott A.
For traffic-related pollutants like ultrafine particles (UFP, Dp < 100 nm), a significant fraction of overall exposure occurs within or close to the transit microenvironment. Therefore, understanding exposure to these pollutants in such microenvironments is crucial to accurately assessing overall UFP exposure. The aim of this study was to develop models for predicting in-cabin UFP concentrations if roadway concentrations are known, taking into account vehicle characteristics, ventilation settings, driving conditions and air exchange rates (AER). Particle concentrations and AER were measured in 43 and 73 vehicles, respectively, under various ventilation settings and driving speeds. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and generalized estimating equation (GEE) regression models were used to identify and quantify the factors that determine inside-to-outside (I/O) UFP ratios and AERs across a full range of vehicle types and ages. AER was the most significant determinant of UFP I/O ratios, and was strongly influenced by ventilation setting (recirculation or outside air intake). Inclusion of ventilation fan speed, vehicle age or mileage, and driving speed explained greater than 79% of the variability in measured UFP I/O ratios.
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影响因子:
11.4
作者:
Knibbs, Luke D.;de Dear, Richard J.;Morawska, Lidia
通讯作者:
Morawska, Lidia
影响因子:
10.4
作者:
Delfino RJ;Sioutas C;Malik S
通讯作者:
Malik S
影响因子:
10.4
作者:
通讯作者:
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影响因子:
10.4
作者:
Li N;Wang M;Bramble LA;Schmitz DA;Schauer JJ;Sioutas C;Harkema JR;Nel AE
通讯作者:
Nel AE
DOI:
10.1038/sj.jes.7500538
发表时间:
2007-08-01
影响因子:
4.5
作者:
Stoelzel, Matthias;Breitner, Susanne;Peters, Annette
通讯作者:
Peters, Annette