Microinjection of urotensin II into the pedunculopontine tegmentum leads to an increase in the consumption of sweet tastants.
Microinjection of urotensin II into the pedunculopontine tegmentum leads to an increase in the consumption of sweet tastants.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112775
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Clark SD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ettaro R;Markovic T;Daniels D;MacLaren DA;Clark SD
桥脚被盖 (PPTg) 在处理多种感觉输入中发挥作用，并神经支配与奖励相关行为相关的大脑区域。尾加压素 II 受体由尾加压素 II 肽 (UII) 激活，由 PPTg 的胆碱能神经元选择性表达。尽管 PPTg 胆碱能神经元的确切功能尚不清楚，但人们认为它们有助于感知奖励大小或显着性检测。我们假设 PPTg 胆碱能神经元的激活会改变多种模式（例如味觉和听觉）的感觉处理。在这里，我们有三个目标：首先，确定胆碱能激活是否与美味溶液（蔗糖）的消费行为有关。其次，如果是这样，请通过使用糖精（一种零热量甜味剂）来区分热量值的影响。最后，我们通过测量声惊跳反射 (ASR) 来测试 UII 介导的对声刺激感知的影响。将雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠双侧插管至PPTg中，然后在整个消耗实验期间置于食物限制下（自由饮水）。治疗方法包括将 1μL aCSF 或 1μL 10μM UII 显微注射到 PPTg 中，并立即让大鼠摄入蔗糖或糖精。在剩下的五天里，老鼠每天被允许接触相同的甜味溶液一小时，无需任何进一步的治疗。在糖精实验中，老鼠在接触式舔液计中进行了测试，记录了每次舔食的情况，以深入了解消耗行为的微观结构。 ASR 测试包括基线（无治疗）、治疗日和另外两天（无治疗）。在显微注射 UII 后，与对照组相比，糖精和蔗糖的消耗量立即增加。在单次施用 UII 后，这种显着增加持续了数天，但在测试期间没有普遍的唤醒或水消耗量增加。对 ASR 的影响并不显着。激活胆碱能 PPTg 神经元可能会导致对外部刺激的显着性的错误计算，这暗示了胆碱能输入在调节各种行为中的重要性。 UII 治疗后观察到的长期效果支持进一步研究感觉处理对 PPTg 胆碱能神经元水平的奖励相关行为的作用。
The pedunculopontine tegmentum (PPTg) plays a role in processing multiple sensory inputs and innervates brain regions associated with reward-related behaviors. The urotensin II receptor, activated by the urotensin II peptide (UII), is selectively expressed by the cholinergic neurons of the PPTg. Although the exact function of cholinergic neurons of the PPTg is unknown, they are thought to contribute to the perception of reward magnitude or salience detection. We hypothesized that the activation of PPTg cholinergic neurons would alter sensory processing across multiple modalities (ex. taste and hearing). Here we had three aims: first, determine if cholinergic activation is involved in consumption behavior of palatable solutions (sucrose). Second, if so, distinguish the impact of the caloric value by using saccharin, a zero calorie sweetener. Lastly, we tested the UII-mediated effects on perception of acoustic stimuli by measuring acoustic startle reflex (ASR). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were bilaterally cannulated into the PPTg, then placed under food restriction lasting the entire consumption experiment (water ad lib.). Treatment consisted of a microinjection of either 1μL of aCSF or 1μL of 10μM UII into the PPTg, and the rats were immediately given access to either sucrose or saccharin. For the remaining five days, rats were allowed one hour access per day to the same sweet solution without any further treatments. During the saccharin experiment rats were tested in a contact lickometer which recorded each individual lick to give insight into the microstructure of the consumption behavior. ASR testing consisted of a baseline (no treatment), treatment day, and two additional days (no treatment). Immediately following the microinjection of UII, consumption of both saccharin and sucrose increased compared to controls. This significant increase persisted for days after the single administration of UII, but there was no generalized arousal or increase in water consumption between testing sessions. The effects on ASR were not significant. Activating cholinergic PPTg neurons may lead to a miscalculation of the salience of external stimuli, implicating the importance of cholinergic input in modulating a variety of behaviors. The long-lasting effects seen after UII treatment support further research into the role of sensory processing on reward related-behaviors at the level of the PPTg cholinergic neurons.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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