Transmission bottlenecks and RNAi collectively influence tick-borne flavivirus evolution.

Transmission bottlenecks and RNAi collectively influence tick-borne flavivirus evolution.
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DOI:
10.1093/ve/vew033
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发表时间:
2016-07
期刊:
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Brackney DE
Brackney DE
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grubaugh ND;Rückert C;Armstrong PM;Bransfield A;Anderson JF;Ebel GD;Brackney DE

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节肢动物传播的RNA病毒在宿主体内以病毒变体的异质群体存在,因此具有很大的遗传可塑性。了解塑造这些病毒的微观进化力量可以深入了解它们如何在新的和不断变化的生态位中出现,适应和坚持。虽然相当多的注意力已经被导向研究蚊媒病毒的种群动态,但对蜱媒病毒种群知之甚少。因此,使用小鼠和肩突硬蜱蜱传播模型,我们研究了Powassan病毒(POWV;黄病毒科,黄病毒)种群中和之间的脊椎动物宿主和节肢动物载体。我们发现,遗传瓶颈,RNAi介导的多样化和选择性限制共同影响POWV的进化。总之,我们的数据为POWV缓慢的长期进化趋势提供了一个机械解释,并表明所有节肢动物传播的病毒在分子水平上(即RNAi)都遇到了类似的选择压力,但由于其独特的传播速率和模式,进化方式大不相同。
Arthropod-borne RNA viruses exist within hosts as heterogeneous populations of viral variants and, as a result, possess great genetic plasticity. Understanding the micro-evolutionary forces shaping these viruses can provide insights into how they emerge, adapt, and persist in new and changing ecological niches. While considerable attention has been directed toward studying the population dynamics of mosquito-borne viruses, little is known about tick-borne virus populations. Therefore, using a mouse and Ixodes scapularis tick transmission model, we examined Powassan virus (POWV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) populations in and between both the vertebrate host and arthropod vector. We found that genetic bottlenecks, RNAi-mediated diversification, and selective constraints collectively influence POWV evolution. Together, our data provide a mechanistic explanation for the slow, long-term evolutionary trends of POWV, and suggest that all arthropod-borne viruses encounter similar selective pressures at the molecular level (i.e. RNAi), yet evolve much differently due to their unique rates and modes of transmission.
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