The noncoding RNAs: a genomic symphony of transcripts.
The noncoding RNAs: a genomic symphony of transcripts.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00335-008-9151-8
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发表时间：
2008-08
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Buchberg, Arthur M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siracusa, Linda D.;Buchberg, Arthur M.
想象一下你在弹钢琴。手指按顺序从键盘的一端移动到另一端。现在想象一下，有另一个人，在相反的方向上弹着同样的键。添加另一组手，开始和停止在键盘中心弹奏不同的键。现在想象房间里有许多钢琴，每架钢琴都有数千把键，想象每架钢琴都有数千名演奏者。声音在顺序上微妙地平衡，一些旋律播放得非常大声，另一些则播放得非常柔和。基因组的许多转录本也是如此，特别是非编码RNAs(NcRNAs)的转录本。蛋白质生产的调节比之前想象的要多得多。这种控制的核心是ncRNAs，其中包括熟悉的tRNAs和rRNAs以及最近发现的microRNAs(MiRNAs)和piRNAs(表1)。事实证明，转录组比最初估计的人类基因组中约20,000个蛋白质编码基因的测序要复杂得多。研究估计，人类基因组几乎所有的转录输出都是不编码蛋白质的RNA(Mattick 2005)。这一期中的文章集中在哺乳动物基因组中miRNAs和其他ncRNAs的调控和功能的许多方面。
Imagine you are playing a piano. Your fingers sequentially move from one end of the keyboard to the other. Now imagine there is another person, playing the same keys in the opposite direction. Add yet another set of hands, which start and stop playing different keys within the center of the keyboard. Now imagine the room has many pianos, each with thousands of keys, and imagine each piano with thousands of players. The sound delicately balanced in sequence, with some melodies played very loud and others played very softly. So too, are the many transcripts of the genome, especially those of the class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs).The regulation of protein production has many more checks and balances than previously imagined. At the heart of this control lies the ncRNAs, which include the familiar tRNAs and rRNAs as well as the more recently discovered microRNAs (miRNAs) and piRNAs (Table 1). The transcriptome has proven to be much more complex than the initial sequencing estimates of approximately 20,000 protein-coding genes in the human genome. Studies have estimated that almost all of the transcriptional output of the human genome is RNAs that do not encode proteins (Mattick 2005). The articles in this issue focus on many aspects of the regulation and functions of miRNAs and other ncRNAs in the mammalian genome.
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