Fine-scale heterogeneity in Schistosoma mansoni force of infection measured through antibody response.
Fine-scale heterogeneity in Schistosoma mansoni force of infection measured through antibody response.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2008951117
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发表时间：
2020-09-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Odiere MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arnold BF;Kanyi H;Njenga SM;Rawago FO;Priest JW;Secor WE;Lammie PJ;Won KY;Odiere MR
血吸虫病是世界上最常见的寄生虫病之一，大多数感染者（90%）生活在非洲。全球控制工作使用人口水平传播的测量来确定目标规划并评估消除进展。监测曼氏血吸虫的传播传统上依赖于用显微镜检查粪便，这种方法很难大规模实施，而且随着感染负担的下降，灵敏度也很低。我们的研究结果表明，基于抗体的传播测量方法与基于粪便的测量方法很好地一致，在较低的传播水平下提供更高的灵敏度，并且能够根据地理和年龄对感染力进行精细估计。这些发现代表着在非洲使用血清监测来指导血吸虫病控制工作的重要一步。血吸虫病是世界上最常见的寄生虫病之一，在低收入和中等收入国家有超过1.42亿人受到感染。测量人群层面的传播对指导血吸虫病控制规划至关重要。传统上，使用粪便显微镜检测人类曼氏血吸虫感染，这在项目规模上存在后勤困难，并且在人群感染负担较低时灵敏度较低。我们比较了基于对曼氏链球菌可溶性蛋抗原（SEA）抗体反应的血清学传播测量与基于粪便的感染测量在肯尼亚西部曼氏链球菌流行地区的3,663名学龄前儿童。我们使用血清转换率估计儿童的感染力，并检查其在地理和年龄上的差异。在社区水平，血清学传播测量与基于粪便的感染测量一致（ρ = 0.94），血清学测量在较低感染水平下提供了更多的解决社区间差异的方法。随着距离维多利亚湖的远近，感染力呈现明显的梯度传播，94%的感染和93%的血清阳性儿童出现在距离维多利亚湖1.5公里的社区。感染力量在3岁时增加，到那时，高传播社区中65% （95% CI: 53%, 75%）的儿童SEA呈阳性，而学校驱虫计划在2岁前就能覆盖到这些儿童。我们的研究结果表明，血清学监测平台是指导和监测血吸虫病控制计划的重要机会，在高传播环境中，学龄前儿童是学校驱虫计划遗漏的关键人群。
Schistosomiasis is one of the most common parasitic diseases in the world, and most infected people (90%) live in Africa. Global control efforts use measures of population-level transmission to target programs and assess progress toward elimination. Monitoring Schistosoma mansoni transmission has traditionally relied on examining stool with microscopy, which is difficult to scale in large programs and has low sensitivity as infection burdens decline. Our results show that antibody-based measures of transmission align well with stool-based measures, provide higher sensitivity at lower levels of transmission, and enable fine-scale estimates of force of infection by geography and age. The findings represent a major step toward use of serosurveillance to guide schistosomiasis control efforts in Africa. Schistosomiasis is among the most common parasitic diseases in the world, with over 142 million people infected in low- and middle-income countries. Measuring population-level transmission is centrally important in guiding schistosomiasis control programs. Traditionally, human Schistosoma mansoni infections have been detected using stool microscopy, which is logistically difficult at program scale and has low sensitivity when people have low infection burdens. We compared serological measures of transmission based on antibody response to S. mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA) with stool-based measures of infection among 3,663 preschool-age children in an area endemic for S. mansoni in western Kenya. We estimated force of infection among children using the seroconversion rate and examined how it varied geographically and by age. At the community level, serological measures of transmission aligned with stool-based measures of infection (ρ = 0.94), and serological measures provided more resolution for between-community differences at lower levels of infection. Force of infection showed a clear gradient of transmission with distance from Lake Victoria, with 94% of infections and 93% of seropositive children in communities <1.5 km from the lake. Force of infection increased through age 3 y, by which time 65% (95% CI: 53%, 75%) of children were SEA positive in high-transmission communities—2 y before they would be reached by school-based deworming programs. Our results show that serologic surveillance platforms represent an important opportunity to guide and monitor schistosomiasis control programs, and that in high-transmission settings preschool-age children represent a key population missed by school-based deworming programs.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Brooker, S
通讯作者：
Brooker, S
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Njenga, Sammy M.;Kanyi, Henry M.;Priest, Jeffrey W.
通讯作者：
Priest, Jeffrey W.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Pekel, Jean-Francois;Cottam, Andrew;Belward, Alan S.
通讯作者：
Belward, Alan S.
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Arnold, Benjamin F.;Scobie, Heather M.;Lammie, Patrick J.
通讯作者：
Lammie, Patrick J.
DOI：
10.1002/joc.5086
发表时间：
2017-10-01
期刊：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fick, Stephen E.;Hijmans, Robert J.
通讯作者：
Hijmans, Robert J.