Patterns of trophic niche divergence between invasive and native fishes in wild communities are predictable from mesocosm studies.
Patterns of trophic niche divergence between invasive and native fishes in wild communities are predictable from mesocosm studies.
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2656.12360
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发表时间：
2015-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Britton JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tran TN;Jackson MC;Sheath D;Verreycken H;Britton JR
生态学理论试图预测生物入侵对本地物种的影响。一个基本的问题集中在入侵物种和本地物种的摄食相互作用：入侵是否会导致种间竞争的增加，这将导致竞争物种的负面影响，或营养生态位的分歧，这将有利于入侵者的融入社会和他们与本地物种共存。在这里，一个高度入侵的鱼，顶口鱼麦穗鱼，与三个本地和功能相似的鱼类的喂养相互作用进行了研究，以确定模式的生态位重叠或分歧中检测到的围隔实验中的物种之间在较大的空间尺度是明显的。利用稳定同位素分析，它们的摄食关系进行了评估，最初在围隔（1000 L），然后在小池塘（<400 m2）和大池塘（>600 m2）。在中型生态系统中，营养生态位分歧的一致模式是显而易见的同域鱼类之间，与生态位进一步转移，除了在同位素空间比建议在异地，揭示了食物资源的共享是有限的。同域分布的P.parva也比它们的异域分布种群具有更小的生态位。在8个小池塘中，P. parva已经与至少一种在围隔中使用的鱼类共存了几年，生态位分化的模式也很明显，P. parva总是处于比其他鱼类更低的营养位置，也发生在围隔中。这些鱼类同域内更复杂的鱼类群落在大池塘，类似的模式也很明显，营养生态位分化的有力证据。在较大的池塘中，小球藻入侵对本地群落的生态影响方面与围隔实验中的结果一致。它们的入侵导致了营养生态位的分化，部分原因是它们与其他物种同域时生态位宽度减小，促进了它们在入侵生态系统中的共存。我们的研究强调了受控围隔生态系统研究在预测营养关系方面的实用性，这些营养关系可以从非本地物种引入到更复杂的生态系统和更大的空间尺度上发展。
Ecological theory attempts to predict how impacts for native species arise from biological invasions. A fundamental question centres on the feeding interactions of invasive and native species: whether invasion will result in increased interspecific competition, which would result in negative consequences for the competing species, or trophic niche divergence, which would facilitate the invader's integration into the community and their coexistence with native species. Here, the feeding interactions of a highly invasive fish, topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva, with three native and functionally similar fishes were studied to determine whether patterns of either niche overlap or divergence detected in mesocosm experiments were apparent between the species at larger spatial scales. Using stable isotope analysis, their feeding relationships were assessed initially in the mesocosms (1000 L) and then in small ponds (<400 m2) and large ponds (>600 m2). In the mesocosms, a consistent pattern of trophic niche divergence was evident between the sympatric fishes, with niches shifting further apart in isotopic space than suggested in allopatry, revealing that sharing of food resources was limited. Sympatric P. parva also had a smaller niche than their allopatric populations. In eight small ponds where P. parva had coexisted for several years with at least one of the fish species used in the mesocosms, strong patterns of niche differentiation were also apparent, with P. parva always at a lower trophic position than the other fishes, as also occurred in the mesocosms. Where these fishes were sympatric within more complex fish communities in the large ponds, similar patterns were also apparent, with strong evidence of trophic niche differentiation. Aspects of the ecological impacts of P. parva invasion for native communities in larger ponds were consistent with those in the mesocosm experiments. Their invasion resulted in divergence in trophic niches, partly due to their reduced niche widths when in sympatry with other species, facilitating their coexistence in invaded ecosystems. Our study highlights the utility of controlled mesocosm studies for predicting the trophic relationships that can develop from introductions of non‐native species into more complex ecosystems and at larger spatial scales.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504272102
发表时间：
2006-01-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Arim, M;Abades, SR;Marquet, PA
通讯作者：
Marquet, PA
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Baiser, Benjamin;Russell, Gareth J.;Lockwood, Julie L.
通讯作者：
Lockwood, Julie L.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Britton, J. R.;Cucherousset, J.;Copp, G. H.
通讯作者：
Copp, G. H.
影响因子：
2
作者：
Copp, G. H.;Godard, M. J.;Merino-Aguirre, R.
通讯作者：
Merino-Aguirre, R.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Human, KG;Gordon, DM
通讯作者：
Gordon, DM