Ethnic disparity in diagnosing asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis using machine learning.

Ethnic disparity in diagnosing asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis using machine learning.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41746-023-00953-1
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发表时间:
2023-11-17
影响因子:
15.2
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学1区
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--
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虽然机器学习 (ML) 在医疗诊断方面显示出巨大的前景,但一个主要挑战是 ML 模型在不同种族群体中的表现并不总是一样好。这对女性健康来说是令人担忧的,因为不同种族之间已经存在健康差异。细菌性阴道病(BV)是育龄妇女常见的阴道综合征,不同种族之间具有明显的诊断差异。在这里,我们研究了四种机器学习算法诊断 BV 的能力。我们使用来自亚洲、黑人、西班牙裔和白人女性的 16S rRNA 测序数据来确定无症状 BV 预测的公平性。通用机器学习模型的性能因种族而异。在评估假阳性或假阴性率指标时,我们发现模型对西班牙裔和亚洲女性的效果最差。一般来说,白人女性的模特表现最高,亚洲女性的模特表现最低。这些发现表明需要改进方法来提高预测 BV 的模型公平性。
While machine learning (ML) has shown great promise in medical diagnostics, a major challenge is that ML models do not always perform equally well among ethnic groups. This is alarming for women’s health, as there are already existing health disparities that vary by ethnicity. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal syndrome among women of reproductive age and has clear diagnostic differences among ethnic groups. Here, we investigate the ability of four ML algorithms to diagnose BV. We determine the fairness in the prediction of asymptomatic BV using 16S rRNA sequencing data from Asian, Black, Hispanic, and white women. General purpose ML model performances vary based on ethnicity. When evaluating the metric of false positive or false negative rate, we find that models perform least effectively for Hispanic and Asian women. Models generally have the highest performance for white women and the lowest for Asian women. These findings demonstrate a need for improved methodologies to increase model fairness for predicting BV.
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-092611-150157
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