The emerging role of peptides and lipids as antimicrobial epidermal barriers and modulators of local inflammation.
The emerging role of peptides and lipids as antimicrobial epidermal barriers and modulators of local inflammation.
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DOI：
10.1159/000337927
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Brogden KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brogden NK;Mehalick L;Fischer CL;Wertz PW;Brogden KA
皮肤是复杂的，由不同的层组成，每一层都有独特的结构和免疫功能。这些层内的细胞产生不同量的抗菌肽和脂质（鞘氨醇碱和皮脂脂肪酸），限制细菌和机会微生物的定植。此外，抗微生物肽和脂质具有不同的、浓度依赖性的辅助先天性和适应性免疫功能。在0.1-2.0 μM时，抗菌肽诱导细胞迁移和对共同施用抗原的适应性免疫应答。在2.0-6.0 μM时，它们诱导细胞增殖并促进伤口愈合。在6.0-12.0 μM时，抗菌肽可以调节趋化因子和细胞因子的产生，在其最高浓度15.0-30.0 μM时，抗菌肽可能具有细胞毒性。在1-100 nM时，脂质可增强趋化因子诱导的细胞迁移，抑制细胞凋亡，优化T细胞的细胞毒性，在0.3-1.0 μM时，脂质可抑制细胞迁移，减弱趋化因子和促炎细胞因子反应。最近发现许多0.1-2.0 μM的抗菌肽和脂质可减弱趋化因子和促炎细胞因子对微生物抗原的产生。总之，这些肽和脂质的抗微生物和抗炎活性可用于产生强的、重叠的免疫屏障，其不仅控制皮肤表皮植物群的浓度，而且控制它们诱导局部炎症反应的程度。
Skin is complex and comprised of distinct layers, each layer with unique architecture and immunologic functions. Cells within these layers produce differing amounts of antimicrobial peptides and lipids (sphingoid bases and sebaceous fatty acids) that limit colonization of commensal and opportunistic microorganisms. Furthermore, antimicrobial peptides and lipids have distinct, concentration-dependent ancillary innate and adaptive immune functions. At 0.1-2.0 μM, antimicrobial peptides induce cell migration and adaptive immune responses to co-administered antigens. At 2.0-6.0 μM, they induce cell proliferation and enhance wound healing. At 6.0-12.0 μM, antimicrobial peptides can regulate chemokine and cytokine production and at their highest concentrations of 15.0-30.0 μM, antimicrobial peptides can be cytotoxic. At 1-100 nM, lipids enhance cell migration induced by chemokines, suppress apoptosis, and optimize T cell cytotoxicity and at 0.3-1.0 μM, they inhibit cell migration and attenuate chemokine and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. Recently many antimicrobial peptides and lipids at 0.1-2.0 μM have been found to attenuate the production of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines to microbial antigens. Together, both the antimicrobial and the anti-inflammatory activities of these peptides and lipids may serve to create a strong, overlapping immunologic barrier that not only controls the concentrations of cutaneous commensal flora but also the extent to which they induce a localized inflammatory response.
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