Western Diet Consumption During Development: Setting the Stage for Neurocognitive Dysfunction.
Western Diet Consumption During Development: Setting the Stage for Neurocognitive Dysfunction.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2021.632312
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kanoski SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsan L;Décarie-Spain L;Noble EE;Kanoski SE
在过去的世纪中，由于农业、食品加工、储存、销售和分销实践方面的技术进步，工业化国家的饮食模式发生了重大变化。货架稳定的高美味、高热量食物的可用性促进了食品环境，其中过度消费具有高百分比的来自脂肪（特别是饱和脂肪）和糖的热量的食物在现代西方化社会中极为常见。除了是肥胖和代谢功能障碍的预测因素外，西方饮食（WD）的消费与整个生命周期的认知表现较差有关。特别是，WD消费在关键的早期生命发展阶段有负面影响的各种认知能力在成年后。这篇综述强调了啮齿动物模型研究，确定饮食，代谢和神经生物学机制，将早期生命发育阶段（妊娠期，哺乳期，少年和青春期）的WD消费与多个认知领域的行为障碍联系起来，包括焦虑样行为，学习和记忆功能，奖励动机行为和社会行为。文献支持一种模型，其中早期生活WD消费导致长期的神经认知障碍，这在很大程度上与WD对肥胖和代谢功能障碍的影响无关。
The dietary pattern in industrialized countries has changed substantially over the past century due to technological advances in agriculture, food processing, storage, marketing, and distribution practices. The availability of highly palatable, calorically dense foods that are shelf-stable has facilitated a food environment where overconsumption of foods that have a high percentage of calories derived from fat (particularly saturated fat) and sugar is extremely common in modern Westernized societies. In addition to being a predictor of obesity and metabolic dysfunction, consumption of a Western diet (WD) is related to poorer cognitive performance across the lifespan. In particular, WD consumption during critical early life stages of development has negative consequences on various cognitive abilities later in adulthood. This review highlights rodent model research identifying dietary, metabolic, and neurobiological mechanisms linking consumption of a WD during early life periods of development (gestation, lactation, juvenile and adolescence) with behavioral impairments in multiple cognitive domains, including anxiety-like behavior, learning and memory function, reward-motivated behavior, and social behavior. The literature supports a model in which early life WD consumption leads to long-lasting neurocognitive impairments that are largely dissociable from WD effects on obesity and metabolic dysfunction.
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