Resilience and immunity.
Resilience and immunity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbi.2018.08.010
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发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dinan TG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dantzer R;Cohen S;Russo SJ;Dinan TG
复原力是使个人能够适应不利条件并从中恢复的过程。这一过程受到个人品质的青睐，这些品质在压力领域已经得到了充分的研究，如个人控制，积极情感，乐观和社会支持。生物心理社会学研究表明，促进弹性的个人素质，这些因素有助于防止有害的影响，一般的生理压力，特别是免疫力。反之亦然，因为有证据表明免疫过程会影响恢复力。大多数支持这种关系的数据来自动物研究，这些研究是关于个体抵抗慢性压力的能力差异。这些数据建立在动物和人类研究中积累的关于免疫因素对大脑和行为影响的知识基础上。一般来说，弹性个体具有与压力易感个体不同的免疫表型。通过改变易感个体的炎症表型，可以使其具有弹性，反之亦然。适应性免疫表型也影响从炎症诱导的症状中恢复的能力。肠道微生物群对恢复力和免疫力之间的双向关系的调节开启了通过益生菌和益生元影响它们的可能性。然而，在将其付诸实践之前，有必要对复原力和免疫力之间的相互关系进行更有针对性的研究。
Resilience is the process that allows individuals to adapt to adverse conditions and recover from them. This process is favored by individual qualities that have been amply studied in the field of stress such as personal control, positive affect, optimism, and social support. Biopsychosocial studies on the individual qualities that promote resilience show that these factors help protect against the deleterious influences of stressors on physiology in general and immunity in particular. The reverse is also true as there is evidence that immune processes influence resilience. Most of the data supporting this relationship comes from animal studies on individual differences in the ability to resist situations of chronic stress. These data build on the knowledge that has accumulated on the influence of immune factors on brain and behavior in both animal and human studies. In general, resilient individuals have a different immunophenotype from that of stress susceptible individuals. It is possible to render susceptible individuals resilient and vice versa by changing their inflammatory phenotype. The adaptive immune phenotype also influences the ability to recover from inflammation-induced symptoms. The modulation of these bidirectional relationships between resilience and immunity by the gut microbiota opens the possibility to influence them by probiotics and prebiotics. However, more focused studies on the reciprocal relationship between resilience and immunity will be necessary before this can be put into practice.
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