A convergent and essential interneuron pathway for Mauthner-cell-mediated escapes.
A convergent and essential interneuron pathway for Mauthner-cell-mediated escapes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.025
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Schier, Alexander F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lacoste, Alix M. B.;Schoppik, David;Robson, Drew N.;Haesemeyer, Martin;Portugues, Ruben;Li, Jennifer M.;Randlett, Owen;Wee, Caroline L.;Engert, Florian;Schier, Alexander F.
Mauthner细胞（M细胞）是硬骨鱼中的命令样神经元，其对厌恶刺激的反应与短潜伏期逃避相关[1-3]。M细胞被认为是哺乳动物网状结构惊吓反应神经元的进化祖先[4]，对该回路的研究揭示了神经生物学中的重要原理，这些原理可以推广到更复杂的脊椎动物模型[3]。主要的兴奋性输入被认为源自直接与M细胞树突突触的多感觉传入神经[3]。在这里，我们描述了一个额外的，收敛的途径，是必不可少的M-细胞介导的惊跳行为在幼斑马鱼。它由称为螺旋纤维神经元的兴奋性中间神经元组成，这些神经元投射到M细胞轴突丘。通过在体钙离子成像，我们发现螺旋纤维神经元对能够引发逃避的厌恶刺激反应活跃。与M细胞消融一样，螺旋纤维神经元的双侧消融在很大程度上消除了短潜伏期逃逸。单侧螺旋纤维神经元消融转移逃逸的方向性，并表明螺旋纤维神经元以偏侧的方式激发M细胞。它们的光遗传激活增加了短潜伏期逃逸的可能性，支持螺旋纤维神经元有助于激活M细胞介导的惊吓行为的观点。这些结果表明，螺旋纤维神经元是必不可少的M-细胞的功能，在响应于感觉线索，并建议，收敛兴奋性输入，不同的输入位置和时间，确保可靠的激活M-细胞，前馈兴奋性基序，可以扩展到其他神经回路。
The Mauthner cell (M-cell) is a command-like neuron in teleost fish whose firing in response to aversive stimuli is correlated with short-latency escapes [1–3]. M-cells have been proposed as evolutionary ancestors of startle response neurons of the mammalian reticular formation [4], and studies of this circuit have uncovered important principles in neurobiology that generalize to more complex vertebrate models [3]. The main excitatory input was thought to originate from multisensory afferents synapsing directly onto the M-cell dendrites [3]. Here, we describe an additional, convergent pathway that is essential for the M-cell-mediated startle behavior in larval zebrafish. It is composed of excitatory interneurons called spiral fiber neurons, which project to the M-cell axon hillock. By in vivo calcium imaging, we found that spiral fiber neurons are active in response to aversive stimuli capable of eliciting escapes. Like M-cell ablations, bilateral ablations of spiral fiber neurons largely eliminate short-latency escapes. Unilateral spiral fiber neuron ablations shift the directionality of escapes and indicate that spiral fiber neurons excite the M-cell in a lateralized manner. Their optogenetic activation increases the probability of short-latency escapes, supporting the notion that spiral fiber neurons help activate M-cell-mediated startle behavior. These results reveal that spiral fiber neurons are essential for the function of the M-cell in response to sensory cues and suggest that convergent excitatory inputs that differ in their input location and timing ensure reliable activation of the M-cell, a feedforward excitatory motif that may extend to other neural circuits.
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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