Calculated organ doses from selected prostate treatment plans using Monte Carlo simulations and an anatomically realistic computational phantom.
Calculated organ doses from selected prostate treatment plans using Monte Carlo simulations and an anatomically realistic computational phantom.
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DOI：
10.1088/0031-9155/54/17/013
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发表时间：
2009-09-07
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Xu XG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bednarz B;Hancox C;Xu XG
人们越来越担心与放射治疗相关的放射诱发的第二种癌症。由于监测装置的增加，接受调强放射治疗 (IMRT) 的患者面临的风险受到了特别关注。为了解决这个问题，我们将 Varian Clinac 2100 C 的详细医疗直线加速器模型与解剖学上真实的计算模型相结合，以根据选定的治疗计划计算器官剂量。本文描述了使用计算体模计算器官平均等效剂量的应用程序，用于前列腺癌的三种不同治疗：4 视野框治疗、相同框治疗加 6 视野 3D-CRT 加强治疗和 7 视野 IMRT 治疗。对不同治疗技术之间显示出对第二种癌症有偏好的器官的每 MU 等效剂量进行了比较。此外，还研究了光子和中子当量剂量对机架角度和能量的依赖性。结果表明，盒式治疗加 6 场增强为患者提供了每个治疗 MU 最高的中低水平光子剂量，这主要是由于该治疗提供的积分剂量增加而导致患者散射贡献增加。在大多数器官中，中子剂量对 3D-CRT 治疗总等效剂量的贡献小于光子剂量的贡献，但肺、食道、甲状腺和脑除外。通过对光子和中子剂量贡献求和来计算每个器官的每 MU 总当量剂量。对于所有不邻近主射束的器官，IMRT 治疗的每 MU 等效剂量低于 3D-CRT 治疗的剂量。这是由于 18 次 MV 治疗中这些器官的积分剂量增加和中子剂量增加。然而，根据所使用的应用技术和优化，IMRT 治疗所需的 MU 值可能比 3D CRT 大两到三倍。因此，与盒式治疗相比，大多数器官中 IMRT 治疗的总当量剂量将更高，并且与盒式治疗加上 6 视野增强的器官剂量相当。这是首次计算和记录 ICRP 参考解剖结构的成年男性患者的器官剂量数据。本文提出的工具可用于估计接受放射治疗的患者的第二种癌症风险。
There is growing concern about radiation-induced second cancers associated with radiation treatments. Particular attention has been focused on the risk to patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) due primarily to increased monitor units. To address this concern we have combined a detailed medical linear accelerator model of the Varian Clinac 2100 C with anatomically realistic computational phantoms to calculate organ doses from selected treatment plans. This paper describes the application to calculate organ-averaged equivalent doses using a computational phantom for three different treatments of prostate cancer: a 4-field box treatment, the same box treatment plus a 6-field 3D-CRT boost treatment and a 7-field IMRT treatment. The equivalent doses per MU to those organs that have shown a predilection for second cancers were compared between the different treatment techniques. In addition, the dependence of photon and neutron equivalent doses on gantry angle and energy was investigated. The results indicate that the box treatment plus 6-field boost delivered the highest intermediate- and low-level photon doses per treatment MU to the patient primarily due to the elevated patient scatter contribution as a result of an increase in integral dose delivered by this treatment. In most organs the contribution of neutron dose to the total equivalent dose for the 3D-CRT treatments was less than the contribution of photon dose, except for the lung, esophagus, thyroid and brain. The total equivalent dose per MU to each organ was calculated by summing the photon and neutron dose contributions. For all organs non-adjacent to the primary beam, the equivalent doses per MU from the IMRT treatment were less than the doses from the 3D-CRT treatments. This is due to the increase in the integral dose and the added neutron dose to these organs from the 18 MV treatments. However, depending on the application technique and optimization used, the required MU values for IMRT treatments can be two to three times greater than 3D CRT. Therefore, the total equivalent dose in most organs would be higher from the IMRT treatment compared to the box treatment and comparable to the organ doses from the box treatment plus the 6-field boost. This is the first time when organ dose data for an adult male patient of the ICRP reference anatomy have been calculated and documented. The tools presented in this paper can be used to estimate the second cancer risk to patients undergoing radiation treatment.
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Howell, RM;Ferenci, MS;Fullerton, GD
通讯作者：
Fullerton, GD
DOI：
10.1016/s0958-3947(01)00061-9
发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
Medical dosimetry : official journal of the American Association of Medical Dosimetrists
影响因子：
--
作者：
Pawlicki, T;Ma, C M
通讯作者：
Ma, C M
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Bednarz B;Xu XG
通讯作者：
Xu XG
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
BUDINGER, TF;HOWERTON, RJ;PLECHATY, EF
通讯作者：
PLECHATY, EF
影响因子：
1
作者：
Vanhavere, F;Huyskens, D;Struelens, L
通讯作者：
Struelens, L