Programmed Cell Death-Ligand-1 expression in Bladder Schistosomal Squamous Cell Carcinoma - There's room for Immune Checkpoint Blockage?
Programmed Cell Death-Ligand-1 expression in Bladder Schistosomal Squamous Cell Carcinoma - There's room for Immune Checkpoint Blockage?
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2022.955000
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
血血吸虫是泌尿生殖道血吸虫病的病原体，1994年被列为1型致癌物。在流行地区，它与膀胱鳞状细胞癌密切相关，占膀胱癌病例的53-69%。这种组织学亚型与慢性炎症具有更强的侵袭性和对常规化疗和放疗的耐药性有关。针对程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1(PD-1)/程序性细胞死亡配体-1（PD-L1）轴的免疫检查点阻断（ICB）疗法在治疗晚期膀胱尿路上皮癌方面取得了相当大的成功。PD-L1受炎症刺激诱导，在免疫细胞和肿瘤细胞中表达。PD-L1与PD-1的结合调节免疫反应，导致t细胞衰竭。PD-L1以几种亚型存在，其表达是动态的，可以作为患者资格的伴随标记物，允许识别更可能对ICB治疗有反应的阳性肿瘤。PD-L1在膀胱尿道上皮癌和鳞状细胞癌中的高表达可能会影响icb治疗的进一步应用和结果。一般来说，分化的组织学不适合治疗。这些治疗费用昂贵，容易产生自身免疫副作用和耐药性。因此，需要能够预测治疗反应的生物标志物。此外，PD-L1表达评估仍需进一步完善。关于与血孢杆菌相关的鳞状细胞分化的研究仍然很少。此外，在血吸虫病流行的低收入和中等收入地区，需要SCC生物标志物。这篇综述综述了目前关于PD-L1在膀胱鳞状细胞癌和血吸虫病中的表达的文献。它旨在明确PD-L1作为膀胱-血吸虫-鳞状细胞癌的诊断、疾病侵袭性和icb治疗预后的生物标志物的重要性的未来方向、争议、挑战。
Schistosoma haematobium, the causative agent of urogenital schistosomiasis, is a carcinogen type 1 since 1994. It is strongly associated with bladder squamous-cell carcinoma in endemic regions, where it accounts for 53-69% of bladder-carcinoma cases. This histological subtype is associated with chronic inflammation being more aggressive and resistant to conventional chemo and radiotherapy. Immune-Checkpoint-Blockage (ICB) therapies targeting the Programmed-Cell-Death-Protein-1(PD-1)/Programmed-Cell-Death-Ligand-1(PD-L1) axis showed considerable success in treating advanced bladder urothelial carcinoma. PD-L1 is induced by inflammatory stimuli and expressed in immune and tumor cells. The binding of PD-L1 with PD-1 modulates immune response leading to T-cell exhaustion. PD-L1 presents in several isoforms and its expression is dynamic and can serve as a companion marker for patients’ eligibility, allowing the identification of positive tumors that are more likely to respond to ICB therapy. The high PD-L1 expression in bladder-urothelial-carcinoma and squamous-cell carcinoma may affect further ICB-therapy application and outcomes. In general, divergent histologies are ineligible for therapy. These treatments are expensive and prone to auto-immune side effects and resistance. Thus, biomarkers capable of predicting therapy response are needed. Also, the PD-L1 expression assessment still needs refinement. Studies focused on squamous cell differentiation associated with S. haematobium remain scarce. Furthermore, in low and middle-income-regions, where schistosomiasis is endemic, SCC biomarkers are needed. This mini-review provides an overview of the current literature regarding PD-L1 expression in bladder-squamous-cell-carcinoma and schistosomiasis. It aims to pinpoint future directions, controversies, challenges, and the importance of PD-L1 as a biomarker for diagnosis, disease aggressiveness, and ICB-therapy prognosis in bladder-schistosomal-squamous-cell carcinoma.
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PD -L1测试和免疫疗法选择 - 早期实验室经验及其在头颈癌管理中的潜在作用。
DOI：
10.22551/2021.30.0801.10179
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Archive of clinical cases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bancu A;Cowan R;Chaturvedi A
通讯作者：
Chaturvedi A
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Njaanake KH;Simonsen PE;Vennervald BJ;Mukoko DA;Reimert CM;Gachuhi K;Jaoko WG;Estambale BB
通讯作者：
Estambale BB
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Pichler R;Lindner AK;Schäfer G;Tulchiner G;Staudacher N;Mayr M;Comperat E;Orme JJ;Schachtner G;Thurnher M
通讯作者：
Thurnher M
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Hassan HE;Mohamed AA;Bakhiet AO;Ahmed HG
通讯作者：
Ahmed HG