Tonic and phasic effects of reward on the pupil: implications for locus coeruleus function.

Tonic and phasic effects of reward on the pupil: implications for locus coeruleus function.
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DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2022.1545
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发表时间:
2022-09-14
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Gilchrist, Iain D.
Gilchrist, Iain D.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cole, Laura;Lightman, Stafford;Clark, Rosie;Gilchrist, Iain D.

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蓝斑(LC)是脑干脑桥中的一个核团,在注意和认知控制中起着重要作用。在这里,我们使用一个适应的听觉oddball范例和测量瞳孔扩张反应,提供一个标记的LC活动在人类。在实验1中,我们显示事件相关的瞳孔反应,以罕见的听觉事件,进一步提高任务相关。在实验2中,通过要求参与者默默地计算奇数的数量,我们证明了任务相关性提升不是手动响应的生成或执行的结果。在实验3中,我们观察到两个独立的奖励对瞳孔反应的影响。首先,我们发现,与低回报区块相比,高回报区块的瞳孔面积总体增加:这种持续效应让人想起LC中发生的紧张性变化。第二,我们发现升高的事件相关的瞳孔反应的行为相关的刺激在高奖励条件下相比,低奖励条件下,相一致的相位变化LC在响应刺激。这些结果突出了学生的反应和奖励之间的关系的复杂性,以及LC在自上而下和自下而上的认知控制中的推断作用。
The locus coeruleus (LC), a nucleus in the pons of the brainstem, plays a significant role in attention and cognitive control. Here, we use an adapted auditory oddball paradigm and measured the pupil dilation response, to provide a marker of LC activity in humans. In Experiment 1, we show event-related pupil responses to rare auditory events which were further elevated by task relevant. In Experiment 2, by asking participants to silently count the number of oddballs, we demonstrated that the task-relevance elevation was not a result of the generation or execution of the manual response. In Experiment 3, we observed two separate effects of reward on the pupil response. First, we found an overall increase in pupil area in the high compared to the low-reward blocks: a sustained effect reminiscent of the tonic changes that occur in LC. Second, we found elevated event-related pupil responses to behaviourally relevant stimuli in the high-reward condition compared with the low-reward condition, consistent with phasic changes in LC in response to a stimulus. These results highlight the complexity of the relationship between the pupil response and reward, and the inferred role of LC in both top-down and bottom-up cognitive control.
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