Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.
Sex differences in automatic emotion regulation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.
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DOI：
10.1002/aur.2678
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发表时间：
2022-04
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Corbett, Blythe A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Key, Alexandra P.;Jones, Dorita;Corbett, Blythe A.
女性自闭症可能未被充分诊断，因为她们的社交困难往往不太明显。本研究探讨了 45 名年龄 10-16 岁的自闭症谱系障碍青少年（22 名女性，23 名男性）在自动面部情绪处理方面的性别差异，这些青少年执行主动目标检测任务和 Go/NoGo 任务，其中带有积极和消极情绪表达的面部作为不相关的干扰因素。组合样本在目标检测（响应启动）方面表现出比 Go/NoGo 任务（响应抑制）更准确的性能，复制了之前在典型参与者中报告的结果。在目标检测任务块中，女性比男性表现出更大的反应启动难度，尤其是在愤怒的面孔的情况下，而男性发现在快乐的面孔的 Go/NoGo 块中抑制反应更具挑战性。电生理学数据显示，在枕颞 N170 索引的面部早期感知处理过程中，没有性别差异或情绪歧视效应。与女性相比，自闭症男性的额叶 N2 和顶叶 P3 振幅增加，表明自动情绪调节过程的神经资源分配增加。标准化行为测量（自闭症严重程度、心智理论技能）和大脑反应之间的关联也因性别而异：适应性更强的社会功能与女性知觉处理的速度（N170潜伏期）和男性刻意注意力分配的程度（P3振幅）有关。总之，这些发现表明，患有自闭症的男性和女性可能依赖不同的社会功能策略，并强调考虑自闭症性别差异的重要性。患有自闭症的女性可能表现出比男性不太明显的社交困难。这项研究表明，自闭症女性比男性更能成功地抑制情感环境中的行为反应，而男性则更有可能发起反应。在神经水平上，女性的社会功能与面部线索自动感知处理的速度有关，而男性的社会功能则与对刺激的主动注意力分配程度有关。这些发现强调了在自闭症诊断和治疗选择中考虑性别差异的重要性。
Autism may be underdiagnosed in females because their social difficulties are often less noticeable. This study explored sex differences in automatic facial emotion processing in 45 adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (22 female, 23 male), age 10–16 years, performing active target detection task and Go/NoGo tasks where faces with positive and negative emotional expressions served as irrelevant distractors. The combined sample demonstrated more accurate performance on the target detection (response initiation) than the Go/NoGo task (response inhibition), replicating findings previously reported in typical participants. Females exhibited greater difficulty than males with response initiation in the target detection task block, especially in the context of angry faces, while males found withholding a response in the Go/NoGo block with happy faces more challenging. Electrophysiological data revealed no sex differences or emotion discrimination effects during the early perceptual processing of faces indexed by the occipitotemporal N170. Autistic males demonstrated increased frontal N2 and parietal P3 amplitudes compared to females, suggesting increased neural resource allocation to automatic emotion regulation processes. The associations between standardized behavioral measures (autism severity, theory of mind skills) and brain responses also varied by sex: more adaptive social functioning was related to the speed of perceptual processing (N170 latency) in females and the extent of deliberate attention allocation (P3 amplitudes) in males. Together, these findings suggest that males and females with autism may rely on different strategies for social functioning and highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism. Females with autism may exhibit less noticeable social difficulties than males. This study demonstrates that autistic females are more successful than males at inhibiting behavioral responses in emotional contexts, while males are more likely to initiate a response. At the neural level, social functioning in females is related to the speed of automatic perceptual processing of facial cues, and in males, to the extent of active attention allocation to the stimuli. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in autism diagnosis and treatment selection.
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DOI：
10.1002/aur.2406
发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research
影响因子：
--
作者：
Corbett BA;Vandekar S;Muscatello RA;Tanguturi Y
通讯作者：
Tanguturi Y
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Griffiths S;Jarrold C;Penton-Voak IS;Woods AT;Skinner AL;Munafò MR
通讯作者：
Munafò MR
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Hall, JA;Matsumoto, D
通讯作者：
Matsumoto, D
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Coricelli, G
通讯作者：
Coricelli, G
DOI：
10.1016/s0926-6410(03)00174-5
发表时间：
2003-10-01
期刊：
COGNITIVE BRAIN RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Batty, M;Taylor, MJ
通讯作者：
Taylor, MJ