Impulsivity in the general population: a national study.
Impulsivity in the general population: a national study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.04.023
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发表时间：
2012-08
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Blanco C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chamorro J;Bernardi S;Potenza MN;Grant JE;Marsh R;Wang S;Blanco C
冲动的构造是性格差异、精神障碍和相关冒险行为的重要决定因素。大多数关于冲动的现有知识来自临床样本。到目前为止，还没有研究估计冲动的普遍性，并检查其在普通人群中的相关性。我们分析了来自美国全国人口的大量样本数据。2004-2005年期间，对34 653名18岁及以上居住在家庭中的成年人进行了面对面调查。情绪、焦虑、药物障碍和人格障碍的诊断是基于酒精使用障碍和相关残疾访谈时间表- dsm - iv版。冲动性很常见（占样本的17%），特别是在男性和年轻人中，并且与广泛的I轴和II轴障碍有关，特别是药物依赖，B类，依赖和分裂型人格障碍，双相情感障碍和多动症。它与行为去抑制、注意力缺陷和缺乏计划有关。冲动的人更有可能做出对自己或他人都有危险的行为，包括鲁莽驾驶、打架、入店行窃、实施家庭暴力以及试图伤害或自杀。他们面临更高的终身创伤风险和严重的身体和心理障碍。鉴于冲动性与精神疾病和多种不良事件的关联，有必要在预防和治疗工作中针对冲动性。
The construct of impulsivity is an important determinant of personality differences, psychiatric disorders, and associated risk-taking behaviors. Most existing knowledge about impulsivity comes from clinical samples. To date, no study has estimated the prevalence of impulsivity and examined its correlates in the general population. We analyzed data from a large national sample of the United States population. Face-to-face surveys of 34 653 adults aged 18 years and older residing in households were conducted during the 2004–2005 period. Diagnoses of mood, anxiety, and drug disorders as well as personality disorders were based on the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule—DSM-IV Version. Impulsivity was common (17% of the sample), particularly among males and younger individuals, and associated with a broad range of axis I and II disorders, particularly drug dependence, cluster B, dependent and schizotypal personality disorders, bipolar disorder and ADHD. It was associated with behavioral disinhibition, attention deficits, and lack of planning. Individuals with impulsivity were more likely to engage in behaviors that could be dangerous to themselves or others, including driving recklessly, starting fights, shoplifting, perpetrating domestic violence and trying to hurt or kill themselves. They were exposed to higher risk of lifetime trauma and to substantial physical and psychosocial impairment. Given the association of impulsivity with psychiatric disorders and multiple adverse events, there is a need to target impulsivity in prevention and treatment efforts.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0402680101
发表时间：
2004-05-25
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Gogtay, N;Giedd, JN;Thompson, PM
通讯作者：
Thompson, PM
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bornovalova, Marina A.;Gwadz, Marya A.;Lejuez, C. W.
通讯作者：
Lejuez, C. W.
DOI：
10.15288/jsa.1999.60.790
发表时间：
1999-11-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL
影响因子：
--
作者：
Canino, G;Bravo, M;Hasin, D
通讯作者：
Hasin, D
影响因子：
11.3
作者：
Blanco, Carlos;Potenza, Marc N.;Grant, Jon E.
通讯作者：
Grant, Jon E.
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Ersche, Karen D.;Turton, Abigail J.;Pradhan, Shachi;Bullmore, Edward T.;Robbins, Trevor W.
通讯作者：
Robbins, Trevor W.