Effects of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (sod1) genotype and genetic background on growth, reproduction and defense in Biomphalaria glabrata.
Effects of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (sod1) genotype and genetic background on growth, reproduction and defense in Biomphalaria glabrata.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0001701
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Blouin MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonner KM;Bayne CJ;Larson MK;Blouin MS
光滑双脐蜗牛对曼氏血吸虫的抗性与铜锌超氧化物歧化酶 (sod1) 的等位基因变异相关。我们测试了三个近交实验室蜗牛群体中携带最强抗性等位基因是否会带来健康成本。这三个群体源自相同的基础群体，但平均抵抗力不同。在受控的实验室条件下，我们发现携带最具抗性的等位基因在繁殖力方面没有成本，并且在生长和死亡率方面可能具有优势。这些结果表明，有可能将 sod1 的抗性等位基因驱入蜗牛载体的自然群体中，以达到控制曼氏链霉菌传播的目的。然而，我们确实观察到遗传背景对 sod1 基因型与抗性之间的关联有很强的影响。 sod1基因型解释了在耐药性最强的遗传背景下个体之间耐药性的显着差异，但在耐药性最弱的遗传背景中几乎没有影响。因此，在使用 sod1 进行载体操作时，与其他基因座的上位相互作用可能与抗性成本一样重要。将抗性基因引入媒介群体仍然是减少媒介传播疾病传播的一种有前途但未得到充分利用的方法。了解控制抗性的遗传机制以及如何在载体群体中维持抗性对于开发抗性载体作为根除媒介传播疾病的手段至关重要。我们研究了一个基因（胞质铜锌超氧化物歧化酶 - sod1）在将耐药性相关等位基因驱动到光滑生物脐蜗牛（人类吸虫曼氏血吸虫的一种载体）群体中的效用。在受控实验室条件下，我们没有发现任何证据表明与 sod1 上携带最具抗性等位基因相关的抗性成本（在生长、繁殖力或死亡率方面）。然而，我们确实发现遗传背景对 sod1 基因型对抗性的影响程度有很大影响。因此，在现场使用 sod1 进行载体操作时，与其他基因座的上位相互作用可能与抗性成本一样重要。
Resistance of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata to the trematode Schistosoma mansoni is correlated with allelic variation at copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (sod1). We tested whether there is a fitness cost associated with carrying the most resistant allele in three outbred laboratory populations of snails. These three populations were derived from the same base population, but differed in average resistance. Under controlled laboratory conditions we found no cost of carrying the most resistant allele in terms of fecundity, and a possible advantage in terms of growth and mortality. These results suggest that it might be possible to drive resistant alleles of sod1 into natural populations of the snail vector for the purpose of controlling transmission of S. mansoni. However, we did observe a strong effect of genetic background on the association between sod1 genotype and resistance. sod1 genotype explained substantial variance in resistance among individuals in the most resistant genetic background, but had little effect in the least resistant genetic background. Thus, epistatic interactions with other loci may be as important a consideration as costs of resistance in the use of sod1 for vector manipulation. Driving resistance genes into vector populations remains a promising but underused method for reducing transmission of vector-borne diseases. Understanding the genetic mechanisms governing resistance and how resistance is maintained in vector populations is essential for the development of resistant vectors as a means of eradicating vector-borne diseases. We investigated the utility of one gene (cytosolic copper-zinc superoxide dismutase - sod1) for driving resistance associated alleles into populations of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, a vector of the trematode parasite of humans, Schistosoma mansoni. Under controlled laboratory conditions we found no evidence for costs of resistance associated with carrying the most resistant allele at sod1 (in terms of growth, fecundity, or mortality). However, we did find a strong effect of genetic background on how strongly sod1 genotype influences resistance. Thus, epistatic interactions with other loci may be as important a consideration as costs of resistance in the use of sod1 for vector manipulation in the field.
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