Exhaled aerosol increases with COVID-19 infection, age, and obesity.
Exhaled aerosol increases with COVID-19 infection, age, and obesity.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2021830118
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发表时间：
2021-02-23
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Roy CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards DA;Ausiello D;Salzman J;Devlin T;Langer R;Beddingfield BJ;Fears AC;Doyle-Meyers LA;Redmann RK;Killeen SZ;Maness NJ;Roy CJ
Superspreading events have distinguished the COVID-19 pandemic from the early outbreak of the disease. Our studies of exhaled aerosol suggest that a critical factor in these and other transmission events is the propensity of certain individuals to exhale large numbers of small respiratory droplets. Our findings indicate that the capacity of airway lining mucus to resist breakup on breathing varies significantly between individuals, with a trend to increasing with the advance of COVID-19 infection and body mass index multiplied by age (i.e., BMI-years). Understanding the source and variance of respiratory droplet generation, and controlling it via the stabilization of airway lining mucus surfaces, may lead to effective approaches to reducing COVID-19 infection and transmission. COVID-19 transmits by droplets generated from surfaces of airway mucus during processes of respiration within hosts infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. We studied respiratory droplet generation and exhalation in human and nonhuman primate subjects with and without COVID-19 infection to explore whether SARS-CoV-2 infection, and other changes in physiological state, translate into observable evolution of numbers and sizes of exhaled respiratory droplets in healthy and diseased subjects. In our observational cohort study of the exhaled breath particles of 194 healthy human subjects, and in our experimental infection study of eight nonhuman primates infected, by aerosol, with SARS-CoV-2, we found that exhaled aerosol particles vary between subjects by three orders of magnitude, with exhaled respiratory droplet number increasing with degree of COVID-19 infection and elevated BMI-years. We observed that 18% of human subjects (35) accounted for 80% of the exhaled bioaerosol of the group (194), reflecting a superspreader distribution of bioaerosol analogous to a classical 20:80 superspreader of infection distribution. These findings suggest that quantitative assessment and control of exhaled aerosol may be critical to slowing the airborne spread of COVID-19 in the absence of an effective and widely disseminated vaccine.
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影响因子：
8.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
Shekar, Meera
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.10.016
发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
The American journal of pathology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Blair RV;Vaccari M;Doyle-Meyers LA;Roy CJ;Russell-Lodrigue K;Fahlberg M;Monjure CJ;Beddingfield B;Plante KS;Plante JA;Weaver SC;Qin X;Midkiff CC;Lehmicke G;Golden N;Threeton B;Penney T;Allers C;Barnes MB;Pattison M;Datta PK;Maness NJ;Birnbaum A;Fischer T;Bohm RP;Rappaport J
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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