Origins of handedness: a nationwide study of 30,161 adults.
Origins of handedness: a nationwide study of 30,161 adults.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.01.007
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发表时间：
2009-04
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Kaprio J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vuoksimaa E;Koskenvuo M;Rose RJ;Kaprio J
人类用手习惯的起源仍然未知。关于用手习惯的遗传理论已经引起了广泛的关注，但是一些双胞胎研究表明，用手习惯的遗传影响不大，甚至可以忽略不计。与用手习惯相关的一个问题是，双胞胎用左手的比例是否高于单胞胎。我们研究了惯用手，强迫右利手的信息，在30,161名年龄在18-69岁的受试者的样本中，从老年芬兰双胞胎队列的问卷调查。左撇子在双胞胎（8.1%）和三胞胎（7.1%）中比在单胞胎（5.8%）中更常见，而双向性在三胞胎（6.4%）中比双胞胎（3.4%）和单胞胎（3.5%）更常见。与许多其他研究一样，男性更有可能是左撇子。即使没有被强迫使用右手，具有“双撇子”的受试者也更有可能成为右撇子作家。我们拟合最大似然模型，以我们的双胞胎数据估计的贡献，加性遗传，共同的环境和独特的环境效应的手偏好。根据模型的不同，结果表明，独特的环境影响解释了大多数观察到的惯用手差异，在儿童期（92-100%）和成年期（74-86%）。当强迫右利手被考虑在内，家庭影响的估计增加。双胞胎左撇子的一致性是罕见的，因此，需要非常大的样本来检测家族效应。我们的研究结果表明，强迫用手可能会影响遗传效应的估计。
The origins of human handedness remain unknown. Genetic theories of handedness have received much attention, but some twin studies suggest modest, perhaps negligible genetic effects on handedness. A related question concerning handedness is whether twins have higher rates of left-handedness than do singletons. We studied handedness, with information on forced right-handedness, in a sample of 30,161 subjects aged 18–69 from a questionnaire survey of the older Finnish Twin Cohort. Left-handedness was found to be more common in twins (8.1%) and triplets (7.1%) than in singletons (5.8%), whereas ambidextrousness was more common in triplets (6.4%) than in twins (3.4%) and singletons (3.5%). As in many other studies, males were more likely to be left-handed. Ambidextrous subjects were more likely to become right-handed writers even if not forced to use their right hand. We fit maximum likelihood models to our twin data to estimate the contribution of additive genetic, common environment and unique environmental effects to hand preference. Results, depending on the model, indicate that unique environmental effects account for most observed variance in handedness, both in childhood (92–100%) and adulthood (74–86%). When forced right-handedness was taken into account, estimates of familial effects increased. Concordance for left-handedness in twins is rare, and accordingly, very large samples are needed to detect the familial effects. Our results show that forced-handedness can have an effect on estimates of genetic effects.
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