A Proactive Approach for Managing COVID-19: The Importance of Understanding the Motivational Roots of Vaccination Hesitancy for SARS-CoV2.
A Proactive Approach for Managing COVID-19: The Importance of Understanding the Motivational Roots of Vaccination Hesitancy for SARS-CoV2.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2020.575950
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Asmundson GJG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taylor S;Landry CA;Paluszek MM;Groenewoud R;Rachor GS;Asmundson GJG
接种犹豫不决--不愿或拒绝接种疫苗--是全球主要的健康威胁。必须确定SARS-CoV2疫苗接种迟疑的普遍情况，以便了解问题的范围并确定其动机根源，以便在最终获得疫苗时积极准备解决这一问题。以确定(1)SARS-CoV2疫苗接种迟疑的普遍程度，(2)这种迟疑的动机根源，以及(3)当疫苗确实可用时，改善疫苗接种可能性的最有希望的激励因素。在2020年5月新冠肺炎大流行期间，对3,674名美国和加拿大成年人进行了横断面抽样评估。衡量接种意向(即“如果有新冠肺炎疫苗，你会接种吗？”)，使用接种态度量表对疫苗的一般态度和针对SARS-CoV2的态度，以及那些报告不会接种疫苗的人接种疫苗的动机。许多美国(25%)和加拿大(20%)受访者表示，如果有疫苗可用，他们将不会接种SARS-CoV2疫苗。如此大规模的不依从率将使实现群体免疫变得困难或不可能。疫苗拒绝与对疫苗益处的不信任最相关，也与对不可预见的未来影响的担忧、对制药公司商业牟利的担忧以及对自然免疫的偏好有关。当被问及接种疫苗的动机时，受访者最有可能报告说，疫苗严格测试和安全性的证据是最重要的。疫苗接种迟疑不决是新冠肺炎面临的一个主要问题。为了提高疫苗接种率，必须向公众展示疫苗必须经过严格的测试，而不能被认为是仓促或过早传播的。
Vaccination hesitancy—the reluctance or refusal to be vaccinated—is a leading global health threat. It is imperative to identify the prevalence of vaccination hesitancy for SARS-CoV2 in order to understand the scope of the problem and to identify its motivational roots in order to proactively prepare to address the problem when a vaccine eventually becomes available. To identify (1) the prevalence of vaccination hesitancy for a SARS-CoV2 vaccine, (2) the motivational roots of this hesitancy, and (3) the most promising incentives for improving the likelihood of vaccination uptake when a vaccine does become available. A cross-sectional sample of 3,674 American and Canadian adults assessed during the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020. Measures of vaccination intention (i.e., “If a vaccine for COVID-19 was available, would you get vaccinated?”), attitudes toward vaccines in general and specific to SARS-CoV2 using the Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale, and incentives for getting vaccinated for those who reported they would not get vaccinated. Many American (25%) and Canadian (20%) respondents said that they would not get vaccinated against SARS-CoV2 if a vaccine was available. Non-adherence rates of this magnitude would make it difficult or impossible to achieve herd immunity. Vaccine rejection was most strongly correlated with mistrust of vaccine benefit, and also correlated with worry about unforeseen future effects, concerns about commercial profiteering from pharmaceutical companies, and preferences for natural immunity. When asked about incentives for getting vaccinated, respondents were most likely to report that evidence for rigorous testing and safety of the vaccine were of greatest importance. Vaccination hesitancy is a major looming problem for COVID-19. To improve vaccine uptake, it is imperative that the vaccine is demonstrated to the public to be rigorously tested and not perceived as rushed or premature in its dissemination.
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