The emergence and evolution of the novel epidemic norovirus GII.4 variant Sydney 2012.

The emergence and evolution of the novel epidemic norovirus GII.4 variant Sydney 2012.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.virol.2013.12.005
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发表时间:
2014-02
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
White, Peter A.
White, Peter A.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Eden, John-Sebastian;Hewitt, Joanne;Lim, Kun Lee;Boni, Maciej F.;Merif, Juan;Greening, Gail;Ratcliff, Rodney M.;Holmes, Edward C.;Tanaka, Mark M.;Rawlinson, William D.;White, Peter A.

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诺如病毒是急性胃肠炎的主要原因,大多数感染由GII.4变异引起。为了了解导致GII.4变异出现的进化过程,我们研究了2009年至2012年澳大利亚和新西兰893起诺如病毒相关急性胃肠炎的分子流行病学。在整个研究中,2009年新奥尔良占主导地位;然而,在2012年期间,它被一个新出现的GII.4变种Sydney 2012所取代。对衣壳基因序列进行了进化分析,以确定这些最近循环的GII.4变体的起源和选择压力。这表明2009年的新奥尔良和2012年的悉尼奥运会与2007年的阿佩尔多伦奥运会有着共同的祖先。此外,每种病毒的流行前祖先变异在大流行出现前两年就已确定。病毒衣壳中已知阻断表位的适应性变化也被确定,这可能有助于它们的出现。
Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis with most infections caused by GII.4 variants. To understand the evolutionary processes that contribute to the emergence of GII.4 variants, we examined the molecular epidemiology of norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis in Australia and New Zealand from 893 outbreaks between 2009 and 2012. Throughout the study GII.4 New Orleans 2009 was predominant; however, during 2012 it was replaced by an emergent GII.4 variant, Sydney 2012. An evolutionary analysis of capsid gene sequences was performed to determine the origins and selective pressures driving the emergence of these recently circulating GII.4 variants. This revealed that both New Orleans 2009 and Sydney 2012 share a common ancestor with GII.4 Apeldoorn 2007. Furthermore, pre-epidemic ancestral variants of each virus were identified up to two years before their pandemic emergence. Adaptive changes at known blockade epitopes in the viral capsid were also identified that likely contributed to their emergence.
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