HIV knowledge, self-perception of HIV risk, and sexual risk behaviors among male Tajik labor migrants who inject drugs in Moscow.
HIV knowledge, self-perception of HIV risk, and sexual risk behaviors among male Tajik labor migrants who inject drugs in Moscow.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-023-17543-1
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发表时间：
2024-01-11
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Mackesy-Amiti, Mary E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luc, Casey Morgan;Levy, Judith;Bahromov, Mahbat;Jonbekov, Jonbek;Mackesy-Amiti, Mary E.
关键词：
人类免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病毒）知识与注射吸毒者对艾滋病毒风险的自我认知之间的相互作用是复杂的，研究不足，特别是在东道国注射毒品的临时移徙工人（MWID）中。在俄罗斯，塔吉克移民占莫斯科外籍劳工的最大比例。然而，在莫斯科的塔吉克男性MWID中，艾滋病毒知识和自我感知风险与性风险行为的关系仍然未知。本研究调查了居住在莫斯科的塔吉克族MWID男性劳动力对艾滋病毒传播的认识、对艾滋病毒风险的自我认知以及可能导致性风险行为的关键社会心理因素。对420名塔吉克族男性劳动力MWID进行了结构化访谈。修正泊松回归模型研究了主要危险因素与HIV性危险行为之间的可能关联。在420名MWID中，255名男性（61%）报告在过去30天内有性行为。艾滋病知识水平与避孕套的使用或危险性伴侣关系（通过与多名伴侣或女性性工作者发生性行为来衡量）没有任何关系。较低的自我认知艾滋病毒风险与与多个性伴侣发生性行为的可能性较大（aPR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.40）和FSW （aPR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.59）相关，但与使用安全套无关。警察制定的污名与多重性行为（aPR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.49）和FSW （aPR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.54）有关。抑郁和较低程度的孤独感与无安全套性行为相关（aPR分别为1.14,95% CI为1.05,1.24；aPR为0.79,95% CI为0.68,0.92），只有抑郁与无安全套性行为与FSW相关（aPR为1.26,95% CI为1.03,1.54）。针对塔吉克男性MWID的艾滋病毒预防规划必须不仅仅是教育与艾滋病毒传播相关的因素，还必须包括提高对参与这些行为的个人风险的认识。此外，还需要心理服务来对抗抑郁症和警察制定的污名。
The interplay of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge and self-perception of risk for HIV among people who inject drugs is complex and understudied, especially among temporary migrant workers who inject drugs (MWID) while in a host country. In Russia, Tajik migrants make up the largest proportion of Moscow’s foreign labor. Yet, HIV knowledge and self-perceived risk in association with sexual risk behavior among male Tajik MWID in Moscow remains unknown. This research examines knowledge about HIV transmission, self-perception of HIV risk, and key psychosocial factors that possibly contribute to sexual risk behaviors among male Tajik labor MWID living in Moscow. Structured interviews were conducted with 420 male Tajik labor MWID. Modified Poisson regression models investigated possible associations between major risk factors and HIV sexual risk behavior. Of the 420 MWID, 255 men (61%) reported sexual activity in the last 30 days. Level of HIV knowledge was not associated in either direction with condom use or risky sexual partnering, as measured by sex with multiple partners or female sex workers (FSW). Lower self-perceived HIV risk was associated with a greater likelihood of sex with multiple partners (aPR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.40) and FSW (aPR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.59), but was not associated with condom use. Police-enacted stigma was associated with sex with multiple partners (aPR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.49) and FSW (aPR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.54). While depression and lower levels of loneliness were associated with condomless sex (aPR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.24; aPR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.92, respectively), only depression was associated with condomless sex with FSW (aPR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.54). HIV prevention programing for male Tajik MWID must go beyond solely educating about factors associated with HIV transmission to include increased awareness of personal risk based on engaging in these behaviors. Additionally, psychological services to counter depression and police-enacted stigma are needed.
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