Introgression study reveals two quantitative trait loci involved in interspecific variation in memory retention among Nasonia wasp species.
Introgression study reveals two quantitative trait loci involved in interspecific variation in memory retention among Nasonia wasp species.
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DOI：
10.1038/hdy.2014.66
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发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Werren, J. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoedjes, K. M.;Smid, H. M.;Vet, L. E. M.;Werren, J. H.
参与记忆形成过程的基因已经在模式生物中得到了深入的研究;然而，对记忆动态中自然变异的机制知之甚少。在寄生蜂属Nasonia中，密切相关的物种之间的记忆保留存在很大差异。在一次嗅觉条件反射试验后，N。丽翅凤蝶能巩固至少6天的长期记忆。近缘种N. Giraulti在24小时出现，但在单次试验后2天内消失。通过回交试验研究了记忆保持力种间差异的遗传基础。giraulti是在N.丽翅凤蝶能繁殖五代基因分型微阵列揭示了记忆力下降的黄蜂中保留的五个区域。使用连锁的分子标记创建单个候选区域的独立基因渗入，并测试记忆保持。1号染色体上的一个区域（跨度为25.8 cM）和5号染色体上的另一个区域（跨度为25.6 cM）在72小时后导致记忆力下降，而不影响24小时的记忆保持。在杂合子和纯合子个体中均观察到这种表型。转录因子CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白和多巴胺受体，都具有记忆形成的已知功能，都在这些基因组区域内，并且是调节记忆保持的候选者。总之，这项研究展示了一种强有力的方法来研究记忆保持的变化，并为未来研究其遗传基础提供了基础。
Genes involved in the process of memory formation have been studied intensively in model organisms; however, little is known about the mechanisms that are responsible for natural variation in memory dynamics. There is substantial variation in memory retention among closely related species in the parasitic wasp genus Nasonia. After a single olfactory conditioning trial, N. vitripennis consolidates long-term memory that lasts at least 6 days. Memory of the closely related species N. giraulti is present at 24 h but is lost within 2 days after a single trial. The genetic basis of this interspecific difference in memory retention was studied in a backcrossing experiment in which the phenotype of N. giraulti was selected for in the background of N. vitripennis for up to five generations. A genotyping microarray revealed five regions that were retained in wasps with decreased memory retention. Independent introgressions of individual candidate regions were created using linked molecular markers and tested for memory retention. One region on chromosome 1 (spanning ∼5.8 cM) and another on chromosome 5 (spanning ∼25.6 cM) resulted in decreased memory after 72 h, without affecting 24-h-memory retention. This phenotype was observed in both heterozygous and homozygous individuals. Transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein and a dopamine receptor, both with a known function in memory formation, are within these genomic regions and are candidates for the regulation of memory retention. Concluding, this study demonstrates a powerful approach to study variation in memory retention and provides a basis for future research on its genetic basis.
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