M1/M2 macrophages and their overlaps - myth or reality?
M1/M2 macrophages and their overlaps - myth or reality?
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DOI：
10.1042/cs20220531
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发表时间：
2023-08-14
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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巨噬细胞是一种异质性细胞群，在防御机制和体内平衡中起着重要作用。不同解剖部位的组织巨噬细胞具有不同的激活状态。M1和M2巨噬细胞是单核吞噬细胞在体外分化的两种极化形式，具有不同的表型模式和功能特性，但在体内，根据微环境和接收的自然信号，巨噬细胞之间存在着广泛的不同表型。在人类感染中，病原体使用不同的策略来对抗巨噬细胞，这些策略包括塑造巨噬细胞向一种或另一种表型的极化。巨噬细胞浸润肿瘤可影响患者预后。M2巨噬细胞已被证明能促进肿瘤生长，而M1巨噬细胞同时具有促肿瘤和抗肿瘤的特性。在自身免疫性疾病中，延长的M1激活和M2功能的改变都可能导致其发病和活动。在人类动脉粥样硬化病变中，同时表达M1和M2谱的巨噬细胞已被发现是影响心血管疾病发生的潜在因素之一。在变应性炎症中，T2细胞因子驱动巨噬细胞向M2谱极化，从而促进气道炎症和重塑。移植中的M1巨噬细胞似乎有助于急性排斥反应，而M2巨噬细胞促进移植物纤维化。促炎M1巨噬细胞和M2巨噬细胞抑制炎症的观点似乎过于简单化，因为这些细胞具有非常高的可塑性，并且代表了具有重叠特性的大规模不同免疫表型。在这方面，将巨噬细胞描述为m1样和m2样更为准确。
Macrophages represent heterogeneous cell population with important roles in defence mechanisms and in homoeostasis. Tissue macrophages from diverse anatomical locations adopt distinct activation states. M1 and M2 macrophages are two polarized forms of mononuclear phagocyte in vitro differentiation with distinct phenotypic patterns and functional properties, but in vivo, there is a wide range of different macrophage phenotypes in between depending on the microenvironment and natural signals they receive. In human infections, pathogens use different strategies to combat macrophages and these strategies include shaping the macrophage polarization towards one or another phenotype. Macrophages infiltrating the tumours can affect the patient’s prognosis. M2 macrophages have been shown to promote tumour growth, while M1 macrophages provide both tumour-promoting and anti-tumour properties. In autoimmune diseases, both prolonged M1 activation, as well as altered M2 function can contribute to their onset and activity. In human atherosclerotic lesions, macrophages expressing both M1 and M2 profiles have been detected as one of the potential factors affecting occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. In allergic inflammation, T2 cytokines drive macrophage polarization towards M2 profiles, which promote airway inflammation and remodelling. M1 macrophages in transplantations seem to contribute to acute rejection, while M2 macrophages promote the fibrosis of the graft. The view of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages suppressing inflammation seems to be an oversimplification because these cells exploit very high level of plasticity and represent a large scale of different immunophenotypes with overlapping properties. In this respect, it would be more precise to describe macrophages as M1-like and M2-like.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Yamane, Kazuyoshi;Leung, Kai-Poon
通讯作者：
Leung, Kai-Poon
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Bene K;Halasz L;Nagy L
通讯作者：
Nagy L
影响因子：
3
作者：
Sekerkova A;Krepsova E;Brabcova E;Slatinska J;Viklicky O;Lanska V;Striz I
通讯作者：
Striz I