Enhanced germline stem cell longevity in Drosophila diapause.
Enhanced germline stem cell longevity in Drosophila diapause.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-022-28347-z
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发表时间：
2022-02-07
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Montell DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Easwaran S;Van Ligten M;Kui M;Montell DJ
在包括人类在内的许多物种中，衰老会降低女性的生育能力。有趣的是，一些动物在特定的环境条件下保持生育能力的时间更长。例如，在低温和短日照条件下，黑腹果蝇进入一种称为成虫生殖滞育的状态。在其他压力条件下，卵巢发育在卵黄摄取检查点停止；然而，生育力保存和滞育后恢复的机制在很大程度上是未知的。在这里，我们报告了滞育导致比其他胁迫更完全的阻滞，但保留了更大的恢复潜力。在休眠期间，生殖系干细胞（GSCs）遭受DNA损伤，激活p53和Chk2，分裂减少。尽管减少了生态位信号，种系前体细胞不分化。GSCs采用非典型的悬浮状态与其子细胞相连。滞育后生态位信号的恢复和分裂的恢复有助于GSCs的恢复。模仿静止的一个特征，减少了幼体激素的产生，提高了非滞育蝇的GSC寿命。因此，滞育机制为GSC延长寿命提供了途径。果蝇在低温和短日照条件下进入成虫生殖滞育期，使卵巢发育停止，但仍能保持生育能力。在这里，作者表明，卵巢滞育中的停滞与其他应激反应不同，尽管DNA损伤和分裂减少，种系干细胞仍能恢复。
In many species including humans, aging reduces female fertility. Intriguingly, some animals preserve fertility longer under specific environmental conditions. For example, at low temperature and short day-length, Drosophila melanogaster enters a state called adult reproductive diapause. As in other stressful conditions, ovarian development arrests at the yolk uptake checkpoint; however, mechanisms underlying fertility preservation and post-diapause recovery are largely unknown. Here, we report that diapause causes more complete arrest than other stresses yet preserves greater recovery potential. During dormancy, germline stem cells (GSCs) incur DNA damage, activate p53 and Chk2, and divide less. Despite reduced niche signaling, germline precursor cells do not differentiate. GSCs adopt an atypical, suspended state connected to their daughters. Post-diapause recovery of niche signaling and resumption of division contribute to restoring GSCs. Mimicking one feature of quiescence, reduced juvenile hormone production, enhanced GSC longevity in non-diapausing flies. Thus, diapause mechanisms provide approaches to GSC longevity enhancement. Drosophila enter adult reproductive diapause in low temperatures and short day, halting ovarian development yet preserving fertility. Here the authors show that ovarian arrest in diapause is distinct from other stress responses and that despite DNA damage and decreased division, germline stem cells recover.
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