On the optimal diversification of social networks in frictional labour markets with occupational mismatch

On the optimal diversification of social networks in frictional labour markets with occupational mismatch
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职业不匹配摩擦劳动力市场中社会网络的最优多元化

DOI:
10.1016/j.labeco.2017.04.002
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Zaharieva A.
Zaharieva A.
中科院分区:
经济学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zaharieva A.

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本文将社交网络纳入摩擦劳动力市场框架。有两种工人类型和两种职业,它们受到产出相关波动的影响。均衡的特点是与工资惩罚相关的职业不匹配。每个工人在网络中有固定数量的社会联系人。同一职业类型的联系人比例定义了社会网络的同质性,因此本文研究了网络同质性的最优水平。工人是风险中性的,并采取总变量为已知的,所以他们的最佳个人选择是完全同质的。这与社会规划师的观点不同。计划者将员工网络选择对总变量的外部影响内部化,因此存在唯一的网络同质性的内部价值最大化收入现值。一方面,较高的同质性与较低的职业错配相关。但另一方面,更高的同质性将两组工人分开,阻止了关于空缺职位的信息交流,并导致更多的失业,特别是在经济衰退中。因此,正是这两种效应之间的权衡,而不是标准投资组合理论中降低收入波动性的愿望,导致了网络多元化。比较静态分析表明,最优网络同质性较低,多样化程度较强,不匹配的工资惩罚较低,失业救济金较低,产出波动呈负相关。
This paper incorporates social networks into a frictional labour market framework. There are two worker types and two occupations, which are subject to correlated fluctuations in output. The equilibrium is characterized by occupational mismatch which is associated with a wage penalty. Every worker has a fixed number of social contacts in the network. The fraction of contacts of the same occupational type defines homophily of the social network, so this paper investigates the optimal level of network homophily. Workers are risk-neutral and take aggregate variables as given, so their optimal individual choice is full homophily. This is different from the social planner's perspective. The planner internalizes external effects of workers' network choices on aggregate variables, so there exists a unique interior value of network homophily maximizing the present value of income. On the one hand, higher homophily is associated with lower occupational mismatch. But on the other hand, higher homophily separates the two groups of workers, prevents exchange of information about open vacancies, and leads to more unemployment, especially in recessions. So it is the trade-off between these two effects and not the desire to reduce income volatility, as in standard portfolio theory, which gives rise to network diversification. Comparative statics shows that optimal network homophily is lower and diversification is stronger with a lower wage penalty from mismatch, lower unemployment benefit and negative correlation in output fluctuations.
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2003
期刊:
影响因子: --
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DOI: --
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期刊: Social Science Research Network
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