Conditioned taste aversion versus avoidance: A re-examination of the separate processes hypothesis
Conditioned taste aversion versus avoidance: A re-examination of the separate processes hypothesis
复制标题
条件性味觉厌恶与回避：对单独过程假设的重新检验
作者：
L. A. Schier;Kellie M. Hyde;A. Spector
大鼠不仅避免摄入与LiCl中毒相关的物质，而且它们显示出排斥反应（例如，gapes）到它的味道;后一种反应被认为反映了厌恶或味觉厌恶。先前的研究表明，大鼠也避免食用与其他不良胃肠道（GI）效应（如乳糖消化不良）相关的食物/液体，但不会伴随指示厌恶的味觉反应（味觉反应; TR）的变化。由于这些研究中使用的方法的解释性限制，我们重新审视了味觉厌恶-回避的区别，设计最大限度地减少了组间的非治疗差异。训练后评估了对摄入和偏好（实验1a、1b和2）以及对味觉刺激的消费（TR，实验1a和1b）和食欲（渐进比，实验2）行为的影响。在这两个实验中，训练大鼠将0.2%糖精（CS）与LiCl、乳糖或NaCl对照的十二指肠内输注相关联。用18%乳糖、0.3和1.5 mEq/kg剂量的LiCl训练的大鼠随后在训练后单瓶摄入测试和两瓶选择测试中避免了CS味道。然而，只有那些训练与1.5毫当量/千克氯化锂显示后条件反射增加味觉CS引起的厌恶TR（实验1a和1b）。该剂量的LiCl也导致糖精的断点减少。事实上，条件性回避并不总是伴随着其他常见的食欲和/或消费指数的摄食动机的变化，进一步支持这些过程之间的功能分离，并强调了错综复杂的内脏影响味觉引导的摄食动机。
Rats not only avoid ingesting a substance associated with LiCl toxicosis, but they display rejection reflexes (e.g., gapes) to its taste; this latter response is thought to reflect disgust or taste aversion. Prior work has shown that rats also avoid consuming foods/fluids associated with other adverse gastrointestinal (GI) effects like lactose indigestion but without the concomitant change in oromotor responses (taste reactivity; TR) indicative of aversion. Because of interpretive limitations of the methods used in those studies, we revisited the taste aversion-avoidance distinction with a design that minimized non-treatment differences among groups. Effects on intake and preference (Experiments 1a, 1b, and 2), as well as consummatory (TR, Experiment 1a and 1b) and appetitive (Progressive Ratio, Experiment 2) behaviors to the taste stimulus were assessed after training. In both experiments, rats were trained to associate 0.2% saccharin (CS) with intraduodenal infusions of LiCl, Lactose, or NaCl control. Rats trained with 18% lactose, 0.3 and 1.5 mEq/kg dose of LiCl subsequently avoided the taste CS in post-training single-bottle intake tests and two-bottle choice tests. However, only those trained with 1.5 mEq/kg LiCl displayed post-conditioning increases in taste CS-elicited aversive TR (Experiment 1a and 1b). This dose of LiCl also led to reductions in breakpoint for saccharin. The fact that conditioned avoidance is not always accompanied by changes in other common appetitive and/or consummatory indices of ingestive motivation further supports a functional dissociation between these processes, and highlights the intricacies of visceral influences on taste-guided ingestive motivation.
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味觉反应性作为条件味觉厌恶快速形成的依赖测量：味觉与内脏关联的神经分析工具。
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Spector,AC;Breslin,P;Grill,HJ
通讯作者：
Grill,HJ
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1996.271.3.r677
发表时间：
1996-09-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Grill, HJ;Roitman, MF;Kaplan, JM
通讯作者：
Kaplan, JM
评估食物剥夺和蔗糖浓度对大鼠舔行为微观结构影响的分析问题。
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Spector,AC;Klumpp,PA;Kaplan,JM
通讯作者：
Kaplan,JM
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
ROZIN, P;FALLON, AE
通讯作者：
FALLON, AE
氯化锂配对前后对蔗糖的味觉反应行为的定量比较：适口性的一维解释。
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Breslin,PA;Spector,AC;Grill,HJ
通讯作者：
Grill,HJ