State strategies of governance in biomedical innovation: aligning conceptual approaches for understanding 'Rising Powers' in the global context.
State strategies of governance in biomedical innovation: aligning conceptual approaches for understanding 'Rising Powers' in the global context.
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DOI：
10.1186/1744-8603-7-3
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发表时间：
2011-02-24
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Faulkner A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salter B;Faulkner A
在许多州，随着它们竞相在新兴知识经济中定位自己，“创新”本身已成为政策重点。生物医药创新是一项全球性的事业，“崛起中的强国”国家在其中扮演着重要角色，这无疑将重塑全球卫生系统和卫生经济。科技创新进程和政策在科学/技术、民间社会以及经济和医疗保健市场等领域提出了难题。这些领域的知识生产是复杂的、不确定的、跨学科的和跨机构的，并受到持续不断的争夺优势的政治斗争的制约。作为这场斗争的一部分，提出了各种各样的问题--监管、知识产权、道德、科学界限、医疗保健市场形成--并就政策议程进行了谈判。一系列社会科学学科和方法对这种创新过程进行了概念化。在竞争状态和发展状态以及国家创新系统等概念的背景下，我们概述了一系列有潜力促进对全球生命科学和生物医学创新治理的理解的方法，特别是参考“正在崛起的大国”，以检查它们之间的趋同和分歧。我们关注的概念方法包括政治学/政治经济学、技术社会学、创新研究和科学技术研究。这篇论文是由英国ESRC的崛起力量计划支持的一个项目的一部分。我们展示了讨论的方法之间的趋同和互补，并辩称，在许多相关的理论中，民族国家本身的作用已被相对忽视。我们的结论是，考虑到不同新兴科学领域和技术的特殊、不同的特点，需要一种方法，使创新和治理能够被视为在多层次的全球创新生态中相互“共同产生”。我们建议在未来朝着令人满意的综合概念框架迈进，以便能够更好地理解新兴大国和全球背景下创新生物医疗部门的出现、国家管理和跨国治理的过程中需要考虑的要点。
'Innovation' has become a policy focus in its own right in many states as they compete to position themselves in the emerging knowledge economies. Innovation in biomedicine is a global enterprise in which 'Rising Power' states figure prominently, and which undoubtedly will re-shape health systems and health economies globally. Scientific and technological innovation processes and policies raise difficult issues in the domains of science/technology, civil society, and the economic and healthcare marketplace. The production of knowledge in these fields is complex, uncertain, inter-disciplinary and inter-institutional, and subject to a continuing political struggle for advantage. As part of this struggle, a wide variety of issues - regulation, intellectual property, ethics, scientific boundaries, healthcare market formation - are raised and policy agendas negotiated. A range of social science disciplines and approaches have conceptualised such innovation processes. Against a background of concepts such as the competition state and the developmental state, and national innovation systems, we give an overview of a range of approaches that have potential for advancing understanding of governance of global life science and biomedical innovation, with special reference to the 'Rising Powers', in order to examine convergences and divergences between them. Conceptual approaches that we focus on include those drawn from political science/political economy, sociology of technology; Innovation Studies and Science & Technology Studies. The paper is part of a project supported by the UK ESRC's Rising Powers programme. We show convergences and complementarities between the approaches discussed, and argue that the role of the national state itself has become relatively neglected in much of the relevant theorising. We conclude that an approach is required that enables innovation and governance to be seen as 'co-producing' each other in a multi-level, global ecology of innovation, taking account of the particular, differing characteristics of different emerging scientific fields and technologies. We suggest key points to take account of in order in the future to move toward a satisfactory integrative conceptual framework, capable of better understanding the processes of the emergence, state steerage and transnational governance of innovative biomedical sectors in the Rising Powers and global context.
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影响因子：
7.2
作者：
DOSI, G
通讯作者：
DOSI, G
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Cooke, P
通讯作者：
Cooke, P
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Bartholomew, S
通讯作者：
Bartholomew, S
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Blume, SS
通讯作者：
Blume, SS
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Etzioni, A
通讯作者：
Etzioni, A