Dancing to a different tune, can we switch from chemical to biological nitrogen fixation for sustainable food security?

Dancing to a different tune, can we switch from chemical to biological nitrogen fixation for sustainable food security?
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为了可持续的粮食安全,我们能否换一种方式从化学固氮转向生物固氮?

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3001982
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发表时间:
2023-03
期刊:
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
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我们目前的粮食生产系统是不可持续的,部分原因是通过化学固定氮的应用。我们需要替代方案,使农民能够可持续地最大限度地提高生产力。因此,我们探索了将根瘤共生从豆科植物转移到其他作物的潜力。过去几十年的研究表明,在豆科植物的进化过程中,预先存在的发育和信号转导过程被招募。这使我们能够利用这些预先存在的过程来设计目标作物的固氮。在这里,我们强调了我们对豆类作物的理解和未来的研究方向,这可能有助于克服实现自肥作物的障碍。为了实现可持续的作物生产,我们需要减少对化学氮肥的依赖。这个未解之谜着眼于是否有可能设计植物以生物方式固定自己的氮并创造自我修复的作物。
Our current food production systems are unsustainable, driven in part through the application of chemically fixed nitrogen. We need alternatives to empower farmers to maximise their productivity sustainably. Therefore, we explore the potential for transferring the root nodule symbiosis from legumes to other crops. Studies over the last decades have shown that preexisting developmental and signal transduction processes were recruited during the evolution of legume nodulation. This allows us to utilise these preexisting processes to engineer nitrogen fixation in target crops. Here, we highlight our understanding of legume nodulation and future research directions that might help to overcome the barrier of achieving self-fertilising crops. To achieve sustainable crop production, we need to reduce our dependency on chemical nitrogen fertilizers. This Unsolved Mystery looks at whether it is possible to engineer plants to biologically fix their own nitrogen and create self-fertilizing crops.
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