Drinking and stress: an examination of sex and stressor differences using IVR-based daily data.
Drinking and stress: an examination of sex and stressor differences using IVR-based daily data.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.022
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Helzer, John E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayer, Lynsay A.;Harder, Valerie S.;Rose, Gail L.;Helzer, John E.
关于压力与饮酒之间关系的研究在影响方向上并不一致，而且这种关联已被证明因性别和压力类型而异。我们试图建立在压力饮酒文献的基础上，通过研究压力饮酒协会随着时间的推移以及性别和压力源的差异，使用日常数据。246名21至82岁的重度饮酒成年人（67%为男性）使用交互式语音应答（IVR）报告了180天内的每日压力水平和饮酒量。基线日常麻烦作为压力的替代措施进行了检查。广义估计方程（GEE）进行测试的压力饮酒协会占酒精依赖在基线和性别和压力源类型作为调节器。IVR每日压力预测第二天饮酒量增加，而基线水平的日常麻烦没有。检查效果的相反方向，每日饮酒量的IVR评级预测第二天的压力下降。对于男性来说，压力预示着第二天的酒精消费量更高，但对于女性来说没有显着的关联。对于男性和女性来说，饮酒预示着第二天的压力会减少，但这种影响对女性来说更强。这项研究普遍支持饮酒以科普和自我药疗的假设，发现压力增加导致饮酒增加。然而，压力和酒精之间随时间变化的关系似乎是针对性别和具体措施的。因此，不应假定对一种性别有效的压力管理干预措施也适用于另一种性别。
Research on the relation of stress to alcohol consumption is inconsistent regarding the direction of effects, and this association has been shown to vary by sex and type of stress. We sought to build upon the stress-drinking literature by examining the direction of the stress-drinking association over time as well as sex and stressor differences using daily data. 246 heavy drinking adults (67% men) ages 21 to 82 reported daily stress levels and alcohol consumption over 180 days using Interactive Voice Response (IVR). Baseline daily hassles were examined as an alternative measure of stress. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were conducted to test the stress-drinking association accounting for alcohol dependency at baseline and sex and stressor type as moderators. IVR daily stress predicted increased alcohol consumption the following day, whereas baseline level of daily hassles did not. Examining the opposite direction of effects, IVR ratings of daily alcohol consumption predicted decreased next-day stress. Stress predicted higher alcohol consumption the next day for men but there was no significant association for women. For both sexes, drinking predicted decreased stress the next day, but this effect was stronger for women. This study generally supported the drinking to cope and self-medication hypotheses, with findings that increased stress led to increased drinking. The time-varying relation between stress and alcohol appears to be sex- and measure- specific, however. Therefore, interventions targeted at stress management found to be effective for one sex should not be presumed to be applicable to the other.
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